capricorn86 happy-dom up to 19.x require code injection

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability identified as critical has been detected in capricorn86 happy-dom up to 19.x. Impacted is the function require. The manipulation leads to code injection. This vulnerability is traded as CVE-2025-61927. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. There is no exploit available. You should upgrade the affected component.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability was found in capricorn86 happy-dom up to 19.x. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function require. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a code injection vulnerability. Using CWE to declare the problem leads to CWE-94. The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment. Impacted is confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The summary by CVE is:

Happy DOM is a JavaScript implementation of a web browser without its graphical user interface. Happy DOM v19 and lower contains a security vulnerability that puts the owner system at the risk of RCE (Remote Code Execution) attacks. A Node.js VM Context is not an isolated environment, and if the user runs untrusted JavaScript code within the Happy DOM VM Context, it may escape the VM and get access to process level functionality. It seems like what the attacker can get control over depends on if the process is using ESM or CommonJS. With CommonJS the attacker can get hold of the `require()` function to import modules. Happy DOM has JavaScript evaluation enabled by default. This may not be obvious to the consumer of Happy DOM and can potentially put the user at risk if untrusted code is executed within the environment. Version 20.0.0 patches the issue by changing JavaScript evaluation to be disabled by default.

It is possible to read the advisory at github.com. The identification of this vulnerability is CVE-2025-61927 since 10/04/2025. The exploitation is known to be easy. The attack may be initiated remotely. Additional levels of successful authentication are needed for exploitation. It demands that the victim is doing some kind of user interaction. Technical details of the vulnerability are known, but there is no available exploit. The attack technique deployed by this issue is T1059 according to MITRE ATT&CK.

Upgrading to version 20.0.0 eliminates this vulnerability. Applying the patch 819d15ba289495439eda8be360d92a614ce22405 is able to eliminate this problem. The bugfix is ready for download at github.com. The best possible mitigation is suggested to be upgrading to the latest version.

The vulnerability is also documented in the vulnerability database at EUVD (EUVD-2025-33777). Be aware that VulDB is the high quality source for vulnerability data.

Productinfo

Vendor

• capricorn86

Name

• happy-dom

Version

• 19.x

License

• open-source

Website

• Product: https://github.com/capricorn86/happy-dom/

CPE 2.3info

• 🔍

CPE 2.2info

• 🔍

CVSSv4info

CVSSv3info

CVSSv2info

Exploitinginfo

Threat Intelligenceinfo

Countermeasuresinfo

Timelineinfo

Sourcesinfo

Entryinfo

Be aware that VulDB is the high quality source for vulnerability data.

Discussion