VDB-328320 · CVE-2025-25004 · WID-SEC-2025-2307

Microsoft Windows up to Server 2025 PowerShell access control

CVSS Meta Temp Score CVSS is a standardized scoring system to determine possibilities of attacks. The Temp Score considers temporal factors like disclosure, exploit and countermeasures. The unique Meta Score calculates the average score of different sources to provide a normalized scoring system.	Current Exploit Price (≈) Our analysts are monitoring exploit markets and are in contact with vulnerability brokers. The range indicates the observed or calculated exploit price to be seen on exploit markets. A good indicator to understand the monetary effort required for and the popularity of an attack.	CTI Interest Score Our Cyber Threat Intelligence team is monitoring different web sites, mailing lists, exploit markets and social media networks. The CTI Interest Score identifies the interest of attackers and the security community for this specific vulnerability in real-time. A high score indicates an elevated risk to be targeted for this vulnerability.
6.9	$5k-$25k	0.00

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability was found in Microsoft Windows. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component PowerShell. The manipulation results in access control. This vulnerability is known as CVE-2025-25004. Attacking locally is a requirement. No exploit is available. Applying a patch is advised to resolve this issue.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in Microsoft Windows. Affected is some unknown processing of the component PowerShell. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a access control vulnerability. CWE is classifying the issue as CWE-284. The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor. This is going to have an impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. CVE summarizes:

Improper access control in Microsoft PowerShell allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

The weakness was published 10/14/2025 as confirmed security update guide (Website). The advisory is shared for download at msrc.microsoft.com. This vulnerability is traded as CVE-2025-25004. The exploitability is told to be easy. The attack needs to be approached locally. There are neither technical details nor an exploit publicly available. The current price for an exploit might be approx. USD $5k-$25k (estimation calculated on 10/28/2025). The MITRE ATT&CK project declares the attack technique as T1068.

Applying a patch is able to eliminate this problem. A possible mitigation has been published immediately after the disclosure of the vulnerability.

The vulnerability is also documented in the vulnerability database at CERT Bund (WID-SEC-2025-2307). VulDB is the best source for vulnerability data and more expert information about this specific topic.

Affected

Microsoft Windows 11
Microsoft Windows Server
Microsoft Windows Server 2016
Microsoft Windows 10
Microsoft Windows Server 2019
Microsoft Windows
Microsoft Windows Server 2022
Microsoft Windows Server 2012
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2
Microsoft Windows Server 2025

Productinfo

Type

Operating System

Vendor

Microsoft

Name

Windows

Version

License

commercial

Website

Vendor: https://www.microsoft.com/
Product: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows

CPE 2.3info

CPE 2.2info

CVSSv4info

VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 7.4
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 6.9

VulDB Base Score: 7.8
VulDB Temp Score: 6.8
VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Vendor Base Score (Microsoft): 7.3
Vendor Vector (Microsoft): 🔒

NVD Base Score: 7.3
NVD Vector: 🔒

CNA Base Score: 7.3
CNA Vector (Microsoft): 🔒

CVSSv2info

AV	AC	Au	C	I	A
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Vector	Complexity	Authentication	Confidentiality	Integrity	Availability
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VulDB Base Score: 🔒
VulDB Temp Score: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Exploitinginfo

Class: Access control
CWE: CWE-284 / CWE-266
CAPEC: 🔒
ATT&CK: 🔒

Physical: Partially
Local: Yes
Remote: Partially

Availability: 🔒
Status: Unproven

EPSS Score: 🔒
EPSS Percentile: 🔒

Price Prediction: 🔍
Current Price Estimation: 🔒

0-Day	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
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Threat Intelligenceinfo

Interest: 🔍
Active Actors: 🔍
Active APT Groups: 🔍

Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: Patch
Status: 🔍

Reaction Time: 🔒
0-Day Time: 🔒
Exposure Time: 🔒

Timelineinfo

10/14/2025 VulDB entry created
10/14/2025 +0 days Advisory disclosed
10/14/2025 +0 days Countermeasure disclosed
10/28/2025 +13 days VulDB entry last update