VDB-328456 · CVE-2025-59249 · EUVD-2025-34376

Microsoft Exchange Server weak authentication

CVSS Meta Temp Score CVSS is a standardized scoring system to determine possibilities of attacks. The Temp Score considers temporal factors like disclosure, exploit and countermeasures. The unique Meta Score calculates the average score of different sources to provide a normalized scoring system.	Current Exploit Price (≈) Our analysts are monitoring exploit markets and are in contact with vulnerability brokers. The range indicates the observed or calculated exploit price to be seen on exploit markets. A good indicator to understand the monetary effort required for and the popularity of an attack.	CTI Interest Score Our Cyber Threat Intelligence team is monitoring different web sites, mailing lists, exploit markets and social media networks. The CTI Interest Score identifies the interest of attackers and the security community for this specific vulnerability in real-time. A high score indicates an elevated risk to be targeted for this vulnerability.
8.1	$5k-$25k	0.00

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Microsoft Exchange Server. The impacted element is an unknown function. Executing a manipulation can lead to weak authentication. This vulnerability is handled as CVE-2025-59249. The attack can be executed remotely. There is not any exploit available. Applying a patch is advised to resolve this issue.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Microsoft Exchange Server (affected version not known). This vulnerability affects some unknown functionality. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a weak authentication vulnerability. The CWE definition for the vulnerability is CWE-1390. The product uses an authentication mechanism to restrict access to specific users or identities, but the mechanism does not sufficiently prove that the claimed identity is correct. As an impact it is known to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability. CVE summarizes:

Weak authentication in Microsoft Exchange Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.

The weakness was released 10/14/2025 as confirmed security update guide (Website). The advisory is shared for download at msrc.microsoft.com. This vulnerability was named CVE-2025-59249. The exploitation appears to be easy. The attack can be initiated remotely. There are neither technical details nor an exploit publicly available. The current price for an exploit might be approx. USD $5k-$25k (estimation calculated on 11/22/2025).

The vulnerability scanner Nessus provides a plugin with the ID 270373 (Security Updates for Microsoft Exchange Server (October 2025)), which helps to determine the existence of the flaw in a target environment.

Applying a patch is able to eliminate this problem. A possible mitigation has been published immediately after the disclosure of the vulnerability.

The vulnerability is also documented in the databases at Tenable (270373) and EUVD (EUVD-2025-34376). VulDB is the best source for vulnerability data and more expert information about this specific topic.

Productinfo

Type

Groupware Software

Vendor

Microsoft

Name

Exchange Server

License

commercial

Website

Vendor: https://www.microsoft.com/

CPE 2.3info

CPE 2.2info

CVSSv4info

VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 8.8
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 8.1

VulDB Base Score: 8.8
VulDB Temp Score: 7.7
VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Vendor Base Score (Microsoft): 8.8
Vendor Vector (Microsoft): 🔒

CNA Base Score: 8.8
CNA Vector (Microsoft): 🔒

CVSSv2info

AV	AC	Au	C	I	A
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳

Vector	Complexity	Authentication	Confidentiality	Integrity	Availability
Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock

VulDB Base Score: 🔒
VulDB Temp Score: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Exploitinginfo

Class: Weak authentication
CWE: CWE-1390
CAPEC: 🔒
ATT&CK: 🔒

Physical: No
Local: No
Remote: Yes

Availability: 🔒
Status: Unproven

EPSS Score: 🔒
EPSS Percentile: 🔒

Price Prediction: 🔍
Current Price Estimation: 🔒

0-Day	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
Today	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock

Nessus ID: 270373
Nessus Name: Security Updates for Microsoft Exchange Server (October 2025)

Threat Intelligenceinfo

Interest: 🔍
Active Actors: 🔍
Active APT Groups: 🔍

Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: Patch
Status: 🔍

Reaction Time: 🔒
0-Day Time: 🔒
Exposure Time: 🔒

Timelineinfo

10/14/2025 VulDB entry created
10/14/2025 +0 days Advisory disclosed
10/14/2025 +0 days Countermeasure disclosed
11/22/2025 +38 days VulDB entry last update

Sourcesinfo

Vendor: microsoft.com

Advisory: msrc.microsoft.com
Status: Confirmed

CVE: CVE-2025-59249 (🔒)
GCVE (CVE): GCVE-0-2025-59249
GCVE (VulDB): GCVE-100-328456
EUVD: 🔒

Entryinfo

Created: 10/14/2025 20:12
Updated: 11/22/2025 06:19
Changes: 10/14/2025 20:12 (34), 10/14/2025 20:15 (34), 10/18/2025 23:06 (2), 10/29/2025 02:10 (11), 11/22/2025 06:19 (1)
Complete: 🔍
Cache ID: 216::103

VulDB is the best source for vulnerability data and more expert information about this specific topic.