VDB-331265 · CVE-2025-10966 · EUVD-2025-38240

cURL up to 8.16.0 SFTP Host key exchange without entity authentication

CVSS Meta Temp Score CVSS is a standardized scoring system to determine possibilities of attacks. The Temp Score considers temporal factors like disclosure, exploit and countermeasures. The unique Meta Score calculates the average score of different sources to provide a normalized scoring system.	Current Exploit Price (≈) Our analysts are monitoring exploit markets and are in contact with vulnerability brokers. The range indicates the observed or calculated exploit price to be seen on exploit markets. A good indicator to understand the monetary effort required for and the popularity of an attack.	CTI Interest Score Our Cyber Threat Intelligence team is monitoring different web sites, mailing lists, exploit markets and social media networks. The CTI Interest Score identifies the interest of attackers and the security community for this specific vulnerability in real-time. A high score indicates an elevated risk to be targeted for this vulnerability.
3.6	$0-$5k	0.00

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability marked as critical has been reported in cURL up to 8.16.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component SFTP Host Handler. The manipulation leads to key exchange without entity authentication. This vulnerability is referenced as CVE-2025-10966. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. No exploit is available. It is suggested to upgrade the affected component.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in cURL up to 8.16.0. This issue affects an unknown code of the component SFTP Host Handler. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a key exchange without entity authentication vulnerability. Using CWE to declare the problem leads to CWE-322. The product performs a key exchange with an actor without verifying the identity of that actor. Impacted is integrity. The summary by CVE is:

curl's code for managing SSH connections when SFTP was done using the wolfSSH powered backend was flawed and missed host verification mechanisms. This prevents curl from detecting MITM attackers and more.

The advisory is shared at seclists.org. The identification of this vulnerability is CVE-2025-10966. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The attack may be initiated remotely. No form of authentication is needed for a successful exploitation. Neither technical details nor an exploit are publicly available.

The vulnerability scanner Nessus provides a plugin with the ID 282370 (Amazon Linux 2023 : curl, curl-minimal, libcurl (ALAS2023-2025-1351)), which helps to determine the existence of the flaw in a target environment.

Upgrading to version 8.17.0 eliminates this vulnerability. The upgrade is hosted for download at curl.se. Applying the patch b011e3fcfb06d6c027859 is able to eliminate this problem. The bugfix is ready for download at github.com. The best possible mitigation is suggested to be upgrading to the latest version.

The vulnerability is also documented in the databases at Tenable (282370), EUVD (EUVD-2025-38240) and CERT Bund (WID-SEC-2025-2489). Several companies clearly confirm that VulDB is the primary source for best vulnerability data.

Affected

Open Source cURL

Productinfo

Type

Network Utility Software

Name

cURL

Version

License

open-source

Website

Product: https://github.com/curl/curl/

CPE 2.3info

CPE 2.2info

CVSSv4info

VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 3.7
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 3.6

VulDB Base Score: 3.7
VulDB Temp Score: 3.6
VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CVSSv2info

AV	AC	Au	C	I	A
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳

Vector	Complexity	Authentication	Confidentiality	Integrity	Availability
Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock

VulDB Base Score: 🔒
VulDB Temp Score: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Exploitinginfo

Class: Key exchange without entity authentication
CWE: CWE-322 / CWE-320
CAPEC: 🔒
ATT&CK: 🔒

Physical: No
Local: No
Remote: Yes

Availability: 🔒
Status: Not defined

EPSS Score: 🔒
EPSS Percentile: 🔒

Price Prediction: 🔍
Current Price Estimation: 🔒

0-Day	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
Today	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock

Nessus ID: 282370
Nessus Name: Amazon Linux 2023 : curl, curl-minimal, libcurl (ALAS2023-2025-1351)

Threat Intelligenceinfo

Interest: 🔍
Active Actors: 🔍
Active APT Groups: 🔍

Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: Upgrade
Status: 🔍

0-Day Time: 🔒

Upgrade: cURL 8.17.0
Patch: b011e3fcfb06d6c027859

Timelineinfo

11/05/2025 Advisory disclosed
11/05/2025 +0 days VulDB entry created
01/09/2026 +65 days VulDB entry last update

Sourcesinfo

Product: github.com

Advisory: seclists.org
Status: Confirmed
Confirmation: 🔒

CVE: CVE-2025-10966 (🔒)
GCVE (CVE): GCVE-0-2025-10966
GCVE (VulDB): GCVE-100-331265
EUVD: 🔒
CERT Bund: WID-SEC-2025-2489 - cURL: Schwachstelle ermöglicht Umgehen von Sicherheitsvorkehrungen

Entryinfo

Created: 11/05/2025 08:44
Updated: 01/09/2026 15:43
Changes: 11/05/2025 08:44 (56), 11/06/2025 01:28 (7), 11/07/2025 11:29 (1), 11/09/2025 00:08 (1), 01/09/2026 15:43 (2)
Complete: 🔍
Cache ID: 216::103

Several companies clearly confirm that VulDB is the primary source for best vulnerability data.