VDB-331949 · CVE-2025-59505 · Nessus 274792

Microsoft Windows up to Server 2025 Smart Card Reader double free

CVSS Meta Temp Score CVSS is a standardized scoring system to determine possibilities of attacks. The Temp Score considers temporal factors like disclosure, exploit and countermeasures. The unique Meta Score calculates the average score of different sources to provide a normalized scoring system.	Current Exploit Price (≈) Our analysts are monitoring exploit markets and are in contact with vulnerability brokers. The range indicates the observed or calculated exploit price to be seen on exploit markets. A good indicator to understand the monetary effort required for and the popularity of an attack.	CTI Interest Score Our Cyber Threat Intelligence team is monitoring different web sites, mailing lists, exploit markets and social media networks. The CTI Interest Score identifies the interest of attackers and the security community for this specific vulnerability in real-time. A high score indicates an elevated risk to be targeted for this vulnerability.
7.1	$5k-$25k	0.00

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability identified as critical has been detected in Microsoft Windows. This affects an unknown part of the component Smart Card Reader. The manipulation leads to double free. This vulnerability is traded as CVE-2025-59505. An attack has to be approached locally. There is no exploit available. Applying a patch is the recommended action to fix this issue.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Microsoft Windows. This issue affects some unknown functionality of the component Smart Card Reader. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a double free vulnerability. Using CWE to declare the problem leads to CWE-415. The product calls free() twice on the same memory address, potentially leading to modification of unexpected memory locations. Impacted is confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The summary by CVE is:

Double free in Windows Smart Card allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

The weakness was shared 11/11/2025 as confirmed security update guide (Website). The advisory is shared at msrc.microsoft.com. The identification of this vulnerability is CVE-2025-59505. The exploitation is known to be easy. An attack has to be approached locally. Neither technical details nor an exploit are publicly available. The price for an exploit might be around USD $5k-$25k at the moment (estimation calculated on 01/05/2026).

The vulnerability scanner Nessus provides a plugin with the ID 274792 (KB5068779: Windows 11 version 22H2 / Windows Server version 23H2 Security Update (November 2025)), which helps to determine the existence of the flaw in a target environment.

Applying a patch is able to eliminate this problem. A possible mitigation has been published immediately after the disclosure of the vulnerability.

The vulnerability is also documented in the databases at Tenable (274792) and CERT Bund (WID-SEC-2025-2564). If you want to get the best quality for vulnerability data then you always have to consider VulDB.

Affected

Hitachi Storage
Microsoft Windows 11
Microsoft Windows Server
Microsoft Windows Server 2016
Microsoft Windows 10
Microsoft Windows Server 2019
Microsoft Windows Server 2022
Microsoft Windows Server 2012
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2
Microsoft Windows Server 2025

Productinfo

Type

Operating System

Vendor

Microsoft

Name

Windows

Version

License

commercial

Website

Vendor: https://www.microsoft.com/
Product: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows

CPE 2.3info

CPE 2.2info

CVSSv4info

VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 7.8
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 7.1

VulDB Base Score: 7.8
VulDB Temp Score: 6.8
VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Vendor Base Score (Microsoft): 7.8
Vendor Vector (Microsoft): 🔒

CNA Base Score: 7.8
CNA Vector (Microsoft): 🔒

CVSSv2info

AV	AC	Au	C	I	A
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳

Vector	Complexity	Authentication	Confidentiality	Integrity	Availability
Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
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Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock

VulDB Base Score: 🔒
VulDB Temp Score: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Exploitinginfo

Class: Double free
CWE: CWE-415 / CWE-119
CAPEC: 🔒
ATT&CK: 🔒

Physical: Partially
Local: Yes
Remote: No

Availability: 🔒
Status: Unproven

EPSS Score: 🔒
EPSS Percentile: 🔒

Price Prediction: 🔍
Current Price Estimation: 🔒

0-Day	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
Today	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock

Nessus ID: 274792
Nessus Name: KB5068779: Windows 11 version 22H2 / Windows Server version 23H2 Security Update (November 2025)

Threat Intelligenceinfo

Interest: 🔍
Active Actors: 🔍
Active APT Groups: 🔍

Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: Patch
Status: 🔍

Reaction Time: 🔒
0-Day Time: 🔒
Exposure Time: 🔒

Timelineinfo

11/11/2025 VulDB entry created
11/11/2025 +0 days Advisory disclosed
11/11/2025 +0 days Countermeasure disclosed
01/05/2026 +54 days VulDB entry last update