VDB-339164 · CVE-2025-15389 · EUVD-2025-205916

QNO VPN Firewall os command injection

CVSS Meta Temp Score CVSS is a standardized scoring system to determine possibilities of attacks. The Temp Score considers temporal factors like disclosure, exploit and countermeasures. The unique Meta Score calculates the average score of different sources to provide a normalized scoring system.	Current Exploit Price (≈) Our analysts are monitoring exploit markets and are in contact with vulnerability brokers. The range indicates the observed or calculated exploit price to be seen on exploit markets. A good indicator to understand the monetary effort required for and the popularity of an attack.	CTI Interest Score Our Cyber Threat Intelligence team is monitoring different web sites, mailing lists, exploit markets and social media networks. The CTI Interest Score identifies the interest of attackers and the security community for this specific vulnerability in real-time. A high score indicates an elevated risk to be targeted for this vulnerability.
8.8	$0-$5k	0.00

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in QNO VPN Firewall. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality. Such manipulation leads to os command injection. This vulnerability is traded as CVE-2025-15389. The attack may be launched remotely. There is no exploit available.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability was found in QNO VPN Firewall (version unknown). It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is an unknown function. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a os command injection vulnerability. Using CWE to declare the problem leads to CWE-78. The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command when it is sent to a downstream component. Impacted is confidentiality, integrity, and availability. CVE summarizes:

VPN Firewall developed by QNO Technology has an OS Command Injection vulnerability, allowing authenticated remote attackers to inject arbitrary OS commands and execute them on the server.

The advisory is shared for download at twcert.org.tw. This vulnerability is handled as CVE-2025-15389 since 12/31/2025. The exploitation is known to be easy. The attack may be launched remotely. There are neither technical details nor an exploit publicly available. The current price for an exploit might be approx. USD $0-$5k (estimation calculated on 12/31/2025). The MITRE ATT&CK project declares the attack technique as T1202.

There is no information about possible countermeasures known. It may be suggested to replace the affected object with an alternative product.

The vulnerability is also documented in the vulnerability database at EUVD (EUVD-2025-205916). Once again VulDB remains the best source for vulnerability data.

Productinfo

Type

Firewall Software

Vendor

Name

VPN Firewall

CPE 2.3info

🔒

CPE 2.2info

🔒

CVSSv4info

VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CNA CVSS-B Score: 🔒
CNA CVSS-BT Score: 🔒
CNA Vector: 🔒

CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 8.8
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 8.8

VulDB Base Score: 8.8
VulDB Temp Score: 8.8
VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CNA Base Score: 8.8
CNA Vector (twcert): 🔒

CVSSv2info

AV	AC	Au	C	I	A
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳

Vector	Complexity	Authentication	Confidentiality	Integrity	Availability
Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock

VulDB Base Score: 🔒
VulDB Temp Score: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Exploitinginfo

Class: Os command injection
CWE: CWE-78 / CWE-77 / CWE-74
CAPEC: 🔒
ATT&CK: 🔒

Physical: No
Local: No
Remote: Yes

Availability: 🔒
Status: Not defined

EPSS Score: 🔒
EPSS Percentile: 🔒

Price Prediction: 🔍
Current Price Estimation: 🔒

0-Day	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
Today	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock

Threat Intelligenceinfo

Interest: 🔍
Active Actors: 🔍
Active APT Groups: 🔍

Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: no mitigation known
Status: 🔍

0-Day Time: 🔒

Timelineinfo

12/31/2025 Advisory disclosed
12/31/2025 +0 days CVE reserved
12/31/2025 +0 days VulDB entry created
12/31/2025 +0 days VulDB entry last update

Sourcesinfo

Advisory: twcert.org.tw
Status: Not defined

CVE: CVE-2025-15389 (🔒)
GCVE (CVE): GCVE-0-2025-15389
GCVE (VulDB): GCVE-100-339164
EUVD: 🔒

Entryinfo

Created: 12/31/2025 11:28
Updated: 12/31/2025 15:18
Changes: 12/31/2025 11:28 (73), 12/31/2025 15:18 (1)
Complete: 🔍
Cache ID: 216::103