nerves-hub nerves_hub_web up to 2.2.x Firmware Update crypto.strong_rand_bytes random values

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability described as problematic has been identified in nerves-hub nerves_hub_web up to 2.2.x. The affected element is the function crypto.strong_rand_bytes of the component Firmware Update Handler. Such manipulation leads to random values. This vulnerability is documented as CVE-2025-64097. The attack can be executed remotely. There is not any exploit available. Upgrading the affected component is recommended.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in nerves-hub nerves_hub_web up to 2.2.x. Affected by this issue is the function crypto.strong_rand_bytes of the component Firmware Update Handler. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a random values vulnerability. Using CWE to declare the problem leads to CWE-330. The product uses insufficiently random numbers or values in a security context that depends on unpredictable numbers. Impacted is confidentiality, integrity, and availability. CVE summarizes:

NervesHub is a web service that allows users to manage over-the-air (OTA) firmware updates of devices in the field. A vulnerability present starting in version 1.0.0 and prior to version 2.3.0 allowed attackers to brute-force user API tokens due to the predictable format of previously issued tokens. Tokens included user-identifiable components and were not cryptographically secure, making them susceptible to guessing or enumeration. The vulnerability could have allowed unauthorized access to user accounts or API actions protected by these tokens. A fix is available in version 2.3.0 of NervesHub. This version introduces strong, cryptographically-random tokens using `:crypto.strong_rand_bytes/1`, hashing of tokens before database storage to prevent misuse even if the database is compromised, and context-aware token storage to distinguish between session and API tokens. There are no practical workarounds for this issue other than upgrading. In sensitive environments, as a temporary mitigation, firewalling access to the NervesHub server can help limit exposure until an upgrade is possible.

The advisory is available at github.com. This vulnerability is handled as CVE-2025-64097 since 10/27/2025. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The attack may be launched remotely. No form of authentication is required for exploitation. Technical details are known, but there is no available exploit. This vulnerability is assigned to T1600.001 by the MITRE ATT&CK project.

Upgrading to version 2.3.0 eliminates this vulnerability.

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Productinfo

Vendor

• nerves-hub

Name

• nerves_hub_web

Version

• 2.0
• 2.1
• 2.2

Website

• Product: https://github.com/nerves-hub/nerves_hub_web/

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