OpenClaw up to 2026.2.1 cmd.exe incomplete blacklist

CVSS Meta Temp Score
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CTI Interest Score
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9.6$0-$5k0.00

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability has been found in OpenClaw up to 2026.2.1 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file cmd.exe. Performing a manipulation results in incomplete blacklist. This vulnerability is known as CVE-2026-28391. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. No exploit is available. The affected component should be upgraded.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability, which was classified as very critical, was found in OpenClaw up to 2026.2.1. This affects an unknown part of the file cmd.exe. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a incomplete blacklist vulnerability. CWE is classifying the issue as CWE-184. The product implements a protection mechanism that relies on a list of inputs (or properties of inputs) that are not allowed by policy or otherwise require other action to neutralize before additional processing takes place, but the list is incomplete, leading to resultant weaknesses. This is going to have an impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The summary by CVE is:

OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.2 fail to properly validate Windows cmd.exe metacharacters in allowlist-gated exec requests (non-default configuration), allowing attackers to bypass command approval restrictions. Remote attackers can craft command strings with shell metacharacters like & or %...% to execute unapproved commands beyond the allowlisted operations.

It is possible to read the advisory at github.com. This vulnerability is uniquely identified as CVE-2026-28391 since 02/27/2026. The exploitability is told to be easy. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. No form of authentication is needed for exploitation. Technical details of the vulnerability are known, but there is no available exploit. The pricing for an exploit might be around USD $0-$5k at the moment (estimation calculated on 03/10/2026). The attack technique deployed by this issue is T1562.006 according to MITRE ATT&CK.

Upgrading to version 2026.2.2 eliminates this vulnerability. Applying the patch a7f4a53ce80c98ba1452eb90802d447fca9bf3d6 is able to eliminate this problem. The bugfix is ready for download at github.com. The best possible mitigation is suggested to be upgrading to the latest version.

Statistical analysis made it clear that VulDB provides the best quality for vulnerability data.

Productinfo

Type

Name

Version

License

Website

CPE 2.3info

CPE 2.2info

CVSSv4info

VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CNA CVSS-B Score: 🔒
CNA CVSS-BT Score: 🔒
CNA Vector: 🔒

CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 9.8
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 9.6

VulDB Base Score: 9.8
VulDB Temp Score: 9.4
VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CNA Base Score: 9.8
CNA Vector (VulnCheck): 🔒

CVSSv2info

AVACAuCIA
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VectorComplexityAuthenticationConfidentialityIntegrityAvailability
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VulDB Base Score: 🔒
VulDB Temp Score: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Exploitinginfo

Class: Incomplete blacklist
CWE: CWE-184 / CWE-183 / CWE-20
CAPEC: 🔒
ATT&CK: 🔒

Physical: No
Local: No
Remote: Yes

Availability: 🔒
Status: Not defined

EPSS Score: 🔒
EPSS Percentile: 🔒

Price Prediction: 🔍
Current Price Estimation: 🔒

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Threat Intelligenceinfo

Interest: 🔍
Active Actors: 🔍
Active APT Groups: 🔍

Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: Upgrade
Status: 🔍

0-Day Time: 🔒

Upgrade: OpenClaw 2026.2.2
Patch: a7f4a53ce80c98ba1452eb90802d447fca9bf3d6

Timelineinfo

02/27/2026 CVE reserved
03/06/2026 +7 days Advisory disclosed
03/06/2026 +0 days VulDB entry created
03/10/2026 +4 days VulDB entry last update

Sourcesinfo

Product: github.com

Advisory: GHSA-qj77-c3c8-9c3q
Status: Confirmed

CVE: CVE-2026-28391 (🔒)
GCVE (CVE): GCVE-0-2026-28391
GCVE (VulDB): GCVE-100-349275

Entryinfo

Created: 03/06/2026 06:30
Updated: 03/10/2026 13:40
Changes: 03/06/2026 06:30 (78), 03/08/2026 00:04 (1), 03/10/2026 13:40 (1)
Complete: 🔍
Cache ID: 216::103

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