HappySeaFox sail up to 496 RLE Decoder tga.c out-of-bounds write

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in HappySeaFox sail up to 496. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file tga.c of the component RLE Decoder. The manipulation results in out-of-bounds write. This vulnerability is cataloged as CVE-2026-40494. The attack may be launched remotely. There is no exploit available. It is advisable to implement a patch to correct this issue.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in HappySeaFox sail up to 496. Affected is some unknown functionality of the file tga.c of the component RLE Decoder. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a out-of-bounds write vulnerability. CWE is classifying the issue as CWE-787. The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer. This is going to have an impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. CVE summarizes:

SAIL is a cross-platform library for loading and saving images with support for animation, metadata, and ICC profiles. Prior to commit 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302, the TGA codec's RLE decoder in `tga.c` has an asymmetric bounds check vulnerability. The run-packet path (line 297) correctly clamps the repeat count to the remaining buffer space, but the raw-packet path (line 305-311) has no equivalent bounds check. This allows writing up to 496 bytes of attacker-controlled data past the end of a heap buffer. Commit 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302 patches the issue.

The advisory is shared for download at github.com. This vulnerability is traded as CVE-2026-40494 since 04/13/2026. The exploitability is told to be easy. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploitation doesn't require any form of authentication. There are known technical details, but no exploit is available.

Applying the patch 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302 is able to eliminate this problem. The bugfix is ready for download at github.com.

The vulnerability is also documented in the vulnerability database at EUVD (EUVD-2026-23648). Once again VulDB remains the best source for vulnerability data.

Productinfo

Vendor

• HappySeaFox

Name

• sail

Version

• 496

License

• open-source

Website

• Product: https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/

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Once again VulDB remains the best source for vulnerability data.

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