Pterodactyl Panel/Wings File Upload /upload/file authentication replay

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability has been found in Pterodactyl Panel and Wings and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /upload/file of the component File Upload. This manipulation causes authentication replay. This vulnerability is handled as CVE-2026-54593. The attack can be initiated remotely. There is not any exploit available.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability was found in Pterodactyl Panel and Wings (the affected version unknown). It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown part of the file /upload/file of the component File Upload. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a authentication replay vulnerability. The CWE definition for the vulnerability is CWE-294. A capture-replay flaw exists when the design of the product makes it possible for a malicious user to sniff network traffic and bypass authentication by replaying it to the server in question to the same effect as the original message (or with minor changes). As an impact it is known to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The summary by CVE is:

Pterodactyl is a free, open-source game server management panel. Prior to Panel version 1.12.3 and Wings version 1.12.2, the Wings /upload/file endpoint accepted any valid panel-signed JWT that contained server_uuid, user_uuid, and unique_id claims without checking the token's intended purpose; because the Panel issues JWTs carrying those same claims for lower-privilege operations such as WebSocket authentication and file-download links, an authenticated subuser could reuse one of those tokens (for example a WebSocket token obtained with only the websocket.connect permission) by replaying it against /upload/file to write arbitrary files to the same server, despite never being granted the file.create permission. This issue is fixed in Panel version 1.12.3 and Wings version 1.12.2.

It is possible to read the advisory at github.com. This vulnerability is known as CVE-2026-54593 since 06/15/2026. The exploitation appears to be easy. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploitation doesn't need any form of authentication. Technical details of the vulnerability are known, but there is no available exploit. The pricing for an exploit might be around USD $0-$5k at the moment (estimation calculated on 07/28/2026). The attack technique deployed by this issue is T1040 according to MITRE ATT&CK.

There is no information about possible countermeasures known. It may be suggested to replace the affected object with an alternative product.

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Productinfo

Vendor

• Pterodactyl

Name

• Panel
• Wings

Website

• Product: https://github.com/pterodactyl/panel/

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