Zephyr Project up to 4.4.1 virtio driver virtio_common.c virtio_isr out-of-bounds

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability, which was classified as very critical, has been found in Zephyr Project Zephyr up to 4.4.1. This issue affects the function virtio_isr of the file drivers/virtio/virtio_common.c of the component virtio driver. This manipulation causes out-of-bounds. This vulnerability is tracked as CVE-2026-13212. The attack is restricted to local execution. No exploit exists.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability has been found in Zephyr Project Zephyr up to 4.4.1 and classified as very critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function virtio_isr of the file drivers/virtio/virtio_common.c of the component virtio driver. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a out-of-bounds vulnerability. The CWE definition for the vulnerability is CWE-125. The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer. As an impact it is known to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The summary by CVE is:

The Zephyr virtio driver does not validate the descriptor-chain head id that the virtio device writes into the used ring. In virtio_isr() (drivers/virtio/virtio_common.c), the device-written vq->used->ring[idx].id is used directly as an index into vq->recv_cbs[] and vq->desc[], which are both allocated with exactly vq->num entries. recv_cbs[] holds {cb, opaque} callback entries, and the indexed callback pointer is then invoked as cbe.cb(cbe.opaque, used_len). Because the id is consumed as a 16-bit value with no bound check, a malicious or compromised virtio backend (an untrusted hypervisor, or an untrusted hardware/peer-processor virtio device on a PCI or MMIO transport) can supply an id far beyond vq->num. This causes an out-of-bounds read of a {function pointer, argument} pair from heap memory beyond recv_cbs[], after which the driver calls that attacker-shaped pointer in the guest's interrupt context. No guest privileges or user interaction are required; the backend triggers it by writing the shared used ring and raising the queue interrupt. The result is an arbitrary / attacker-influenced function-pointer call in the Zephyr guest, i.e. a control-flow-hijack primitive that can lead to code execution or, at minimum, a reliable crash. The fix rejects any used-ring id >= vq->num before indexing recv_cbs[]/desc[] or invoking the callback. This affects builds using CONFIG_VIRTIO with the PCI or MMIO transport.

The advisory is shared at github.com. This vulnerability is known as CVE-2026-13212 since 06/24/2026. The exploitation appears to be easy. An attack has to be approached locally. Technical details are known, but no exploit is available. The price for an exploit might be around USD $0-$5k at the moment (estimation calculated on 08/24/2026).

Upgrading to version 4.4.2 eliminates this vulnerability.

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Productinfo

Type

• Project Management Software

Vendor

• Zephyr Project

Name

• Zephyr

Version

• 4.4.0
• 4.4.1

CPE 2.3info

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CPE 2.2info

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