CVE-2005-3648 in Moodle
Summary
by MITRE
Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in the get_record function in datalib.php in Moodle 1.5.2 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the id parameter in (1) category.php and (2) info.php.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/06/2021
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2005-3648 represents a critical SQL injection flaw within Moodle's data library system, specifically affecting version 1.5.2. This issue resides in the get_record function located within datalib.php, which serves as a fundamental component for database interactions throughout the learning management platform. The vulnerability manifests when user-supplied input from the id parameter is directly incorporated into SQL queries without proper sanitization or parameterization, creating an exploitable condition that can be leveraged by remote attackers to manipulate database operations.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs through two distinct entry points within the Moodle application's web interface. Attackers can target category.php and info.php scripts, both of which utilize the vulnerable get_record function to process the id parameter. When an attacker supplies malicious input through these parameters, the application fails to properly validate or escape the input before incorporating it into database queries. This allows for the injection of arbitrary SQL commands that execute with the privileges of the database user account used by Moodle, potentially enabling full database compromise.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data retrieval manipulation, as successful exploitation can lead to complete database compromise and unauthorized access to sensitive educational information. Attackers could potentially extract student records, course materials, user credentials, and administrative data, while also having the capability to modify or delete database content. The vulnerability affects the integrity and confidentiality of the entire Moodle platform, potentially compromising the privacy of thousands of users and educational institutions that rely on the system for their learning management needs. The remote nature of the attack means that exploitation does not require physical access to the system, making it particularly dangerous for organizations with public-facing Moodle installations.
Organizations affected by this vulnerability should implement immediate mitigations including input validation and parameterized queries to prevent SQL injection attacks. The recommended approach involves updating to patched versions of Moodle where the vulnerability has been addressed through proper input sanitization and query parameterization. Additionally, implementing web application firewalls, database access controls, and monitoring for suspicious SQL patterns can provide additional defense layers. This vulnerability aligns with CWE-89, which specifically addresses SQL injection flaws, and represents a common vector for attackers following the ATT&CK framework's T1190 technique for exploiting vulnerabilities in web applications. The remediation process should also include comprehensive security auditing of all database interaction points within the application to identify and address similar potential vulnerabilities that may exist in other components of the system.