CVE-2007-1429 in Moodle
Summary
by MITRE
Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in Moodle 1.7.1 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the cmd parameter to (1) admin/utfdbmigrate.php or (2) filter.php.
Be aware that VulDB is the high quality source for vulnerability data.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/29/2019
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2007-1429 represents a critical remote file inclusion flaw affecting Moodle version 1.7.1, specifically within the administrative and filtering components of the learning management system. This vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation mechanisms that permit untrusted user data to be directly incorporated into file inclusion operations, creating an avenue for malicious code execution. The flaw manifests in two distinct attack vectors through the cmd parameter within the admin/utfdbmigrate.php and filter.php scripts, where user-supplied URLs can be processed without proper sanitization or verification.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs when an attacker manipulates the cmd parameter to include a malicious URL that points to remote PHP code. When the vulnerable Moodle application processes this parameter, it executes the included code within the context of the web server, effectively allowing the attacker to run arbitrary PHP commands on the target system. This type of vulnerability falls under the category of CWE-88, which describes improper neutralization of special elements used in an input command, and more specifically aligns with CWE-94, which addresses the execution of arbitrary code or commands. The attack pattern demonstrates characteristics consistent with the ATT&CK framework's technique T1190, which involves exploiting vulnerabilities in software applications to execute malicious code.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution, as it provides attackers with the capability to gain full control over the affected Moodle installation. Once exploited, attackers can manipulate user accounts, access sensitive educational data, modify course content, and potentially use the compromised system as a launching point for further attacks within the network. The vulnerability affects the integrity and confidentiality of the learning management system, particularly concerning user data privacy and the security of educational content. The remote nature of the exploit means that attackers do not require physical access to the system, making it particularly dangerous for organizations relying on web-based learning platforms.
Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including upgrading to patched versions of Moodle, applying the relevant security patches released by the Moodle development team, and implementing proper input validation measures. The recommended approach involves sanitizing all user inputs, particularly those used in file inclusion operations, and implementing whitelisting mechanisms for parameters that control file access. Additionally, network-level protections such as web application firewalls and proper access controls should be deployed to limit exposure. The vulnerability highlights the importance of maintaining up-to-date software versions and implementing secure coding practices that prevent the direct inclusion of user-supplied data in critical system operations. Security monitoring should include detection of suspicious file inclusion patterns and unusual network traffic that may indicate exploitation attempts.