CVE-2007-5503 in Cairo
Summary
by MITRE
Multiple integer overflows in Cairo before 1.4.12 might allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code, as demonstrated using a crafted PNG image with large width and height values, which is not properly handled by the read_png function.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/01/2019
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2007-5503 represents a critical security flaw in the Cairo graphics library affecting versions prior to 1.4.12. This issue stems from improper handling of image dimensions within the PNG reading functionality, creating conditions where maliciously crafted image files could trigger dangerous memory corruption patterns. The vulnerability specifically targets integer overflow conditions that occur when processing image metadata, particularly width and height parameters in PNG files. These overflow scenarios can lead to unpredictable memory behavior and potentially enable remote code execution through carefully constructed input data.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability occurs within the read_png function of the Cairo library, where integer overflows are exploited to manipulate memory allocation and buffer boundaries. When a PNG image with excessively large width and height values is processed, the integer overflow causes the system to allocate insufficient memory for the image data structure, creating opportunities for memory corruption attacks. This flaw aligns with CWE-190, which specifically addresses integer overflow conditions that can result in memory corruption and arbitrary code execution. The vulnerability demonstrates how improper input validation and boundary checking in graphics processing libraries can create attack vectors that bypass traditional security measures.
The operational impact of CVE-2007-5503 extends beyond simple code execution to encompass broader system compromise capabilities. Attackers can leverage this vulnerability through web applications, email clients, or any system that processes PNG images without proper validation. The remote execution aspect means that adversaries do not need local access to exploit the flaw, making it particularly dangerous in web-based environments where users might unknowingly trigger the vulnerability through image rendering. This vulnerability type falls under ATT&CK technique T1203, which covers exploitation of input validation flaws in graphics processing components, and T1059, representing command execution through compromised applications.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2007-5503 require immediate implementation of version updates to Cairo 1.4.12 or later, which contain proper integer overflow protections and enhanced input validation. System administrators should also implement strict image validation policies that reject or sanitize image files before processing, particularly in web applications where user-uploaded content is common. Additional defensive measures include deploying network-based intrusion detection systems that can identify suspicious image file patterns and implementing application sandboxing to limit the potential impact of successful exploits. The vulnerability serves as a reminder of the critical importance of input validation in graphics libraries and the need for regular security updates to address integer overflow conditions that can lead to remote code execution.