CVE-2012-1020 in Nexorone Online Banking System
Summary
by MITRE
Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in login.php in NexorONE Online Banking allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) visitor_language parameter to register.php or (2) message parameter.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/16/2018
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2012-1020 represents a critical cross-site scripting flaw within the NexorONE Online Banking platform's authentication mechanism. This security weakness resides in the login.php component and specifically affects the registration process, creating a pathway for malicious actors to execute unauthorized code within the context of legitimate user sessions. The vulnerability manifests through two distinct attack vectors that exploit parameter handling within the web application's user registration workflow, making it particularly concerning for financial institutions where user trust and session integrity are paramount.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and output encoding mechanisms within the web application's parameter processing logic. Attackers can manipulate the visitor_language parameter in register.php or the message parameter to inject malicious scripts that will be executed when other users view the affected pages. This type of vulnerability falls under CWE-79 which specifically addresses Cross-Site Scripting flaws, where the application fails to properly validate or encode user-supplied data before incorporating it into dynamically generated web content. The vulnerability's classification as a persistent XSS risk means that malicious scripts can be stored on the server and executed against multiple users who subsequently access the affected pages, rather than requiring direct interaction with the victim's browser.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data theft, as it provides attackers with the capability to hijack user sessions, redirect victims to malicious websites, or perform unauthorized transactions within the banking application. Financial institutions face significant reputational damage and regulatory compliance issues when such vulnerabilities exist in their systems, particularly given the sensitive nature of online banking environments. The attack surface is expanded by the fact that these vulnerabilities are accessible through the registration process, which is typically a trusted entry point for users, making social engineering attacks more effective. This vulnerability directly impacts the CIA triad by compromising both confidentiality and integrity, as attackers can access sensitive user information and manipulate the application's behavior.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2012-1020 should include comprehensive input validation and output encoding mechanisms throughout the application's codebase, with particular emphasis on parameters used in user registration flows. Implementing proper content security policies and utilizing modern web application firewalls can provide additional layers of protection against such attacks. Organizations should also conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing to identify similar vulnerabilities in their authentication systems, as the ATT&CK framework categorizes this type of vulnerability under the 'Web Application Attack' domain. The remediation process requires immediate patching of the affected components, implementation of proper parameter sanitization, and comprehensive security training for development teams to prevent similar issues in future releases. Regular security monitoring and log analysis should be implemented to detect potential exploitation attempts and ensure that the vulnerability has been properly addressed across all system components.