CVE-2012-4552 in PLIB
Summary
by MITRE
Stack-based buffer overflow in the error function in ssg/ssgParser.cxx in PLIB 1.8.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted 3d model file that triggers a long error message, as demonstrated by a .ase file.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/16/2025
The vulnerability CVE-2012-4552 represents a critical stack-based buffer overflow in the PLIB 1.8.5 library, specifically within the error handling mechanism of the ssg/ssgParser.cxx component. This flaw resides in the software's ability to process 3D model files, particularly those with the .ase extension, which are commonly used in computer graphics applications and game development environments. The vulnerability manifests when the library encounters malformed or maliciously crafted 3D model files that trigger extended error messages during parsing operations, creating a condition where attacker-controlled data exceeds the allocated stack buffer space.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability follows a classic stack buffer overflow pattern where the error function in the ssgParser.cxx file fails to properly validate the length of error messages before copying them to a fixed-size stack buffer. When processing a specially crafted .ase file, the parser generates an extended error message that exceeds the buffer boundaries, allowing an attacker to overwrite adjacent stack memory locations. This memory corruption can be exploited to redirect program execution flow, potentially enabling remote code execution on systems running vulnerable applications that utilize PLIB 1.8.5. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it operates during the parsing of external input files, making it accessible to remote attackers who can submit malicious 3D models to vulnerable applications.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution, as it represents a significant threat vector for attackers seeking to compromise systems running applications that depend on PLIB 1.8.5. The attack requires minimal privileges since it operates through file processing rather than network-based exploitation, making it particularly dangerous for applications that automatically process user-uploaded 3D content or download models from untrusted sources. Systems utilizing this library in gaming engines, 3D modeling applications, or visualization software become vulnerable to remote code execution, potentially allowing attackers to gain full system control. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-121, which describes stack-based buffer overflow conditions, and demonstrates characteristics consistent with attack techniques categorized under the ATT&CK framework's T1059.007 for command and script interpreter execution, as successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution on target systems.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2012-4552 should prioritize immediate patching of PLIB 1.8.5 installations to the latest available version that addresses this buffer overflow vulnerability. Organizations should implement strict input validation procedures for all 3D model files processed by applications using PLIB, including size limitations and format validation checks before parsing operations. Network segmentation and access controls should be enforced to limit exposure of systems processing 3D content, while application sandboxing techniques can help contain potential exploitation attempts. Additionally, security monitoring should be enhanced to detect unusual file processing patterns or error message generation that might indicate exploitation attempts, with regular vulnerability assessments to identify other potentially affected libraries or applications within the attack surface.