CVE-2019-12869 in PC Worx
Summary
by MITRE
An issue was discovered in PHOENIX CONTACT PC Worx through 1.86, PC Worx Express through 1.86, and Config+ through 1.86. A manipulated PC Worx or Config+ project file could lead to an Out-Of-Bounds Read, Information Disclosure, and remote code execution. The attacker needs to get access to an original PC Worx or Config+ project file to be able to manipulate it. After manipulation, the attacker needs to exchange the original file with the manipulated one on the application programming workstation.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/07/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2019-12869 represents a critical security flaw affecting multiple versions of PHOENIX CONTACT's industrial automation software suite including PC Worx, PC Worx Express, and Config+. This vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation mechanisms within the software's project file handling processes, creating a pathway for malicious actors to exploit the system through carefully crafted manipulated project files. The flaw manifests as an out-of-bounds read condition that can be triggered when the software processes corrupted or modified project files, potentially leading to information disclosure and remote code execution capabilities. The vulnerability is particularly concerning in industrial control environments where these tools are commonly deployed for programmable logic controller configuration and system integration. According to CWE classification, this represents a CWE-125 vulnerability, specifically an out-of-bounds read that occurs when the software attempts to access memory beyond the allocated buffer boundaries during project file parsing operations.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability requires an attacker to first gain access to a legitimate project file from the target system, which serves as the foundation for creating a malicious variant. The attacker must then carefully manipulate the file structure to trigger the out-of-bounds read condition, typically by inserting malformed data or altering specific binary sequences within the project file format. Once the manipulated file is successfully exchanged with the original on the target workstation, the software's insufficient validation routines fail to detect the malicious modifications, allowing the exploit to execute. The nature of this vulnerability places it within the ATT&CK framework under the T1059.007 technique for Windows Command Shell and T1566.001 for spearphishing attachments, as it leverages the trust relationship between legitimate project files and the software that processes them. The remote code execution capability arises from the out-of-bounds read potentially corrupting memory structures that control program execution flow, enabling attackers to inject and execute arbitrary code within the context of the running application.
The operational impact of CVE-2019-12869 extends beyond simple information disclosure to encompass full system compromise within industrial environments where these automation tools are deployed. In manufacturing and critical infrastructure settings, successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized modifications of control logic, potentially causing production disruptions, safety hazards, or even physical damage to equipment. The vulnerability's requirement for initial access to a legitimate project file creates a unique attack vector that may be exploited through social engineering, supply chain compromises, or insider threats, making it particularly dangerous in environments with less stringent access controls. The affected software versions indicate this vulnerability has been present for an extended period, suggesting that organizations may have been unknowingly exposed to potential compromise. Organizations utilizing these tools in operational technology environments face significant risk as the exploit can potentially be used to gain persistent access to industrial control systems, undermining the integrity and availability of critical processes.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2019-12869 should prioritize immediate software updates to versions that address the identified buffer overflow conditions and input validation weaknesses. System administrators should implement strict file integrity monitoring and access controls to prevent unauthorized modification of project files, particularly in environments where multiple users have access to the development workstations. Network segmentation and application whitelisting can help limit the potential impact of successful exploitation by restricting the attack surface and preventing lateral movement within the industrial network. Regular security assessments should include verification of file integrity and monitoring for unauthorized changes to project files, while personnel training on recognizing social engineering attempts that could lead to file manipulation should be conducted. Organizations should also consider implementing automated backup and version control systems for project files, enabling quick restoration of known good configurations in case of compromise. The vulnerability highlights the importance of secure software development practices and input validation in industrial control systems, emphasizing that even legacy industrial software requires regular security updates and monitoring to maintain operational security in increasingly connected environments.