CVE-2020-2639 in Enterprise Manager Base Platform
Summary
by MITRE
Vulnerability in the Enterprise Manager Base Platform product of Oracle Enterprise Manager (component: Host Management). Supported versions that are affected are 12.1.0.5, 13.2.0.0 and 13.3.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Enterprise Manager Base Platform. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Enterprise Manager Base Platform accessible data as well as unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Enterprise Manager Base Platform accessible data and unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Enterprise Manager Base Platform. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 6.0 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/22/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2020-2639 represents a significant security flaw within Oracle Enterprise Manager's Base Platform, specifically within the Host Management component. This vulnerability affects multiple version streams including 12.1.0.5, 13.2.0.0, and 13.3.0.0, indicating a widespread impact across the product's lifecycle. The vulnerability's classification as easily exploitable means that attackers with minimal technical expertise can leverage this weakness, particularly when they possess network access through HTTP protocols. The security implications are particularly concerning given that the vulnerability targets the foundational components of Oracle's enterprise monitoring platform, which typically houses sensitive operational data and system configurations.
The technical nature of this vulnerability stems from insufficient access controls within the Host Management functionality, creating a pathway for high-privileged attackers to gain unauthorized access to critical system resources. The CVSS 3.0 scoring system rates this vulnerability at 6.0, indicating a medium severity level, though the impact assessment reveals more severe consequences. The vector analysis shows AV:N (network access), AC:L (low attack complexity), PR:H (high privilege requirement), and UI:N (no user interaction needed), which together create a dangerous combination for enterprise environments. The vulnerability's ability to compromise data confidentiality, integrity, and availability simultaneously represents a comprehensive threat to enterprise security infrastructure.
The operational impact of CVE-2020-2639 extends beyond simple data theft, as successful exploitation can lead to complete system compromise with the ability to modify or delete critical enterprise data. This vulnerability enables attackers to perform unauthorized updates, inserts, and deletions within the Enterprise Manager Base Platform, potentially causing significant disruption to business operations. The partial denial of service aspect adds another layer of concern, as attackers could selectively disable critical monitoring functions, leaving enterprises blind to system failures or security incidents. The vulnerability's potential for data exposure is particularly alarming given that Enterprise Manager platforms typically contain sensitive operational information including system configurations, user credentials, and business-critical monitoring data.
Organizations affected by this vulnerability should prioritize immediate remediation through official Oracle patches and updates, as recommended by the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) database and the MITRE Corporation's vulnerability catalog. The weakness aligns with CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) and represents a classic example of insufficient privilege enforcement in enterprise monitoring systems. From an adversary perspective, this vulnerability would map to ATT&CK technique T1078 (Valid Accounts) and T1190 (Exploit Public-Facing Application) within the enterprise attack framework, as attackers would leverage legitimate network access to exploit the platform's authentication mechanisms. The vulnerability's impact on enterprise security posture extends beyond immediate data compromise to include potential lateral movement within networks and extended persistence opportunities for threat actors. Organizations should implement network segmentation, monitor for unusual HTTP traffic patterns, and conduct thorough access control reviews to mitigate the risk posed by this vulnerability.