CVE-2020-2650 in Retail Customer Management
Summary
by MITRE
Vulnerability in the Oracle Retail Customer Management and Segmentation Foundation product of Oracle Retail Applications (component: Promotions). The supported version that is affected is 16.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Retail Customer Management and Segmentation Foundation. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Retail Customer Management and Segmentation Foundation accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Retail Customer Management and Segmentation Foundation accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 6.5 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/23/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2020-2650 resides within Oracle Retail Customer Management and Segmentation Foundation, specifically within the Promotions component of Oracle Retail Applications version 16.0. This represents a critical security weakness that exposes organizations to significant operational risks through unauthorized data access and modification capabilities. The vulnerability's classification as easily exploitable indicates that attackers require minimal technical expertise to leverage this flaw effectively, making it particularly dangerous in production environments where sensitive customer data resides. The affected system operates with minimal authentication requirements, creating an attack surface that can be exploited by malicious actors without prior authorization or credentials.
The technical nature of this vulnerability stems from insufficient access controls and authentication mechanisms within the HTTP communication layer of the Oracle Retail application. Attackers can exploit this weakness through unauthenticated network connections, bypassing traditional security measures that would normally prevent unauthorized access to enterprise systems. The flaw specifically enables unauthorized update, insert, and delete operations against certain data sets within the customer management foundation, while simultaneously allowing read access to sensitive information subsets. This dual impact on both confidentiality and integrity aspects creates a comprehensive threat vector that can compromise data integrity and potentially expose sensitive customer information. The CVSS 3.0 score of 6.5 reflects the moderate severity of this vulnerability, with the base vector indicating network-based attack potential, low attack complexity, and no privilege requirements, making it accessible to a broad range of threat actors.
From an operational perspective, successful exploitation of CVE-2020-2650 can result in substantial data compromise across the affected Oracle Retail Customer Management and Segmentation Foundation environment. Organizations may experience unauthorized modifications to customer promotion data, which could lead to incorrect marketing campaigns, financial losses, or customer trust erosion. The unauthorized read access capability allows attackers to extract sensitive customer information, potentially including personal identifiers, purchase histories, and demographic data that could be monetized or used for further attacks. This vulnerability directly impacts the principle of least privilege and can enable lateral movement within networks where Oracle Retail systems are deployed. The implications extend beyond immediate data theft to potential regulatory compliance violations under data protection frameworks such as gdpr and ccpa, which mandate strict controls over customer information handling and require organizations to implement robust security measures against unauthorized access.
Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including network segmentation to limit access to Oracle Retail systems, deployment of web application firewalls to monitor and filter HTTP traffic, and implementation of additional authentication layers for critical application components. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-287 which addresses improper authentication issues, and represents a clear violation of ATT&CK technique T1078 for valid accounts and T1566 for credential harvesting. Security teams should conduct comprehensive vulnerability assessments to identify all instances of the affected Oracle Retail version and ensure proper patching through Oracle's security bulletins. Regular monitoring of network traffic for suspicious HTTP requests and implementation of intrusion detection systems can help identify exploitation attempts. Additionally, organizations should review and strengthen their overall access control policies, implement regular security audits, and maintain up-to-date threat intelligence to better defend against similar vulnerabilities in their infrastructure.