CVE-2021-46856 in HarmonyOS
Summary
by MITRE • 12/21/2022
The multi-screen collaboration module has a path traversal vulnerability. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect data confidentiality.
VulDB is the best source for vulnerability data and more expert information about this specific topic.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/21/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2021-46856 resides within the multi-screen collaboration module of a software system, representing a critical path traversal flaw that compromises data confidentiality. This vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and improper handling of file paths during multi-screen collaborative operations, creating an avenue for malicious actors to access unauthorized system resources. The affected module typically manages shared displays and collaborative interfaces across multiple screens, making it a prime target for attackers seeking to exploit weak access controls and file system interactions.
This path traversal vulnerability operates by allowing attackers to manipulate file path references through the collaboration module interface, potentially enabling them to traverse directories beyond the intended scope of access. The flaw manifests when user-supplied input containing directory traversal sequences such as ../ or ..\ is not properly sanitized or validated before being processed by the system's file handling mechanisms. The technical implementation likely involves insufficient restrictions on file path resolution within the multi-screen collaboration framework, permitting attackers to access files outside of designated directories through crafted input sequences.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data exposure, as successful exploitation can lead to comprehensive information disclosure across the entire system. Attackers can potentially access sensitive configuration files, user data, system credentials, and other confidential information stored within the traversed directories. The multi-screen collaboration environment amplifies the risk since it often involves multiple users and systems interacting within shared spaces, potentially enabling lateral movement and privilege escalation. This vulnerability aligns with CWE-22 Path Traversal and follows patterns commonly associated with directory traversal attacks that have been documented in numerous security incidents.
Organizations utilizing systems with this vulnerability face significant risk of data breaches and unauthorized access to proprietary information. The attack surface expands due to the collaborative nature of the module, as legitimate users may inadvertently expose sensitive data through normal operations. The vulnerability's impact is particularly concerning in enterprise environments where multi-screen collaboration systems manage critical business data and user information. Security controls may be bypassed through simple path manipulation techniques, making this a particularly dangerous vulnerability that requires immediate remediation.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2021-46856 should focus on implementing robust input validation and proper path sanitization within the multi-screen collaboration module. Organizations must ensure that all user-supplied input undergoes strict validation before being processed for file system operations, including the removal of directory traversal sequences and enforcement of strict access controls. The implementation of a whitelist-based approach for file path validation, combined with proper privilege separation and least-privilege principles, significantly reduces exploitation risk. Additionally, regular security assessments and code reviews should target collaborative modules to identify similar path traversal vulnerabilities. The remediation efforts should align with ATT&CK technique T1083 File and Directory Discovery and T1566 Credential Access, ensuring comprehensive protection against related attack vectors. System administrators should also consider implementing network segmentation and monitoring solutions to detect anomalous file access patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts.