CVE-2022-44363 in i21
Summary
by MITRE • 12/02/2022
Tenda i21 V1.0.0.14(4656) is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via /goform/setSnmpInfo.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/24/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-44363 affects the Tenda i21 V1.0.0.14(4656) router firmware, specifically exposing a buffer overflow condition within the /goform/setSnmpInfo web interface endpoint. This flaw represents a critical security weakness that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on the affected device through crafted input parameters. The buffer overflow occurs when the device processes SNMP configuration data submitted through the web form interface, creating an opportunity for malicious actors to overwrite adjacent memory locations and potentially gain full system control.
This vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and memory management within the router's web server component. The affected firmware version processes user-supplied data without proper bounds checking, enabling attackers to send maliciously formatted SNMP configuration parameters that exceed the allocated buffer space. The flaw manifests when the device attempts to store SNMP community strings, trap destinations, or other configuration values that exceed the predetermined buffer limits. This type of vulnerability falls under the CWE-121 category of stack-based buffer overflow, where insufficient bounds checking allows attackers to overwrite stack memory and potentially manipulate program execution flow.
The operational impact of this buffer overflow vulnerability is severe and multifaceted. Remote attackers can exploit this weakness to execute arbitrary code with root privileges, effectively compromising the entire router infrastructure. Once successfully exploited, the attacker gains complete control over the device, enabling them to modify network configurations, redirect traffic, install malware, or establish persistent backdoors. The vulnerability affects the router's SNMP functionality which is commonly used for network monitoring and management, making it particularly attractive to attackers who seek to maintain long-term access to network infrastructure. Additionally, the compromised device can serve as a pivot point for attacking other systems within the local network, expanding the potential attack surface significantly.
From an attack perspective, this vulnerability aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK framework under the T1059.007 technique for command and scripting interpreter, specifically targeting the use of web-based interfaces for remote code execution. The attack surface is particularly concerning given that many network administrators may not regularly update their router firmware, leaving devices vulnerable to exploitation. The attack chain typically involves sending a specially crafted HTTP POST request to the /goform/setSnmpInfo endpoint with oversized input parameters, followed by successful exploitation of the buffer overflow to gain remote code execution capabilities. Network defenders should note that this vulnerability affects devices that are often deployed in residential and small office environments where security updates may not be regularly applied.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2022-44363 should prioritize immediate firmware updates from Tenda, as the vendor has likely released patches addressing this specific buffer overflow condition. Network administrators should also implement network segmentation to limit the potential impact of a compromised device and monitor for unusual SNMP traffic patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. Additionally, disabling SNMP functionality when not required, implementing proper input validation at network boundaries, and conducting regular security assessments of network infrastructure can help reduce the risk exposure. Organizations should also consider deploying intrusion detection systems that can identify and alert on suspicious requests to web management interfaces, particularly those targeting known vulnerable endpoints like /goform/setSnmpInfo. The vulnerability highlights the importance of regular firmware maintenance and security testing for network infrastructure devices, as these routers often serve as critical entry points for network attacks.