CVE-2024-45622 in Aplikasi Sistem Sekolah using CodeIgniter
Summary
by MITRE • 09/02/2024
ASIS (aka Aplikasi Sistem Sekolah using CodeIgniter 3) 3.0.0 through 3.2.0 allows index.php username SQL injection for Authentication Bypass.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/11/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2024-45622 affects ASIS, an educational management system built on the CodeIgniter 3 framework version 3.0.0 through 3.2.0. This application, commonly known as Aplikasi Sistem Sekolah, serves educational institutions by managing various administrative functions including user authentication. The flaw exists within the authentication mechanism where the system fails to properly sanitize user input during the login process, creating a path for malicious actors to exploit SQL injection vulnerabilities. This specific vulnerability targets the username parameter in the index.php file, which is the primary entry point for user authentication within the application. The issue stems from improper input validation and sanitization practices that allow attackers to manipulate the SQL query structure through crafted username inputs.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs when an attacker submits a malicious username value that contains SQL injection payloads. The system processes this input without adequate sanitization, allowing the attacker to manipulate the underlying database query execution flow. This manipulation can result in authentication bypass, where the attacker gains unauthorized access to the system without legitimate credentials. The vulnerability is categorized as a classic SQL injection flaw and maps to CWE-89, which represents improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands. The attack vector specifically targets the authentication bypass scenario where the injected SQL commands can be designed to either extract user credentials from the database or manipulate the authentication logic itself to grant access to any user account.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe for educational institutions relying on ASIS for their administrative operations. An attacker who successfully exploits this vulnerability can gain full access to the school management system, potentially leading to data breaches, unauthorized modifications of student records, grade manipulation, and access to sensitive personal information of students, parents, and staff members. The authentication bypass capability means that attackers can operate within the system undetected, potentially causing long-term damage to institutional data integrity and security posture. This vulnerability also represents a significant risk to the confidentiality and integrity of educational data, which often contains sensitive personal information subject to privacy regulations and compliance requirements.
Organizations using affected versions of ASIS should immediately implement mitigation strategies to address this vulnerability. The most effective approach involves upgrading to the latest version of the ASIS application where the SQL injection vulnerability has been patched. If an immediate upgrade is not feasible, implementing proper input validation and sanitization measures can provide temporary protection. The system should employ parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection attacks, which aligns with ATT&CK technique T1190 for exploitation of vulnerabilities. Additionally, implementing web application firewalls and input filtering mechanisms can help detect and block malicious SQL injection attempts. Regular security assessments and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities within the application and its dependencies. Organizations should also establish proper access controls and monitoring procedures to detect unauthorized access attempts and maintain audit trails of system activities. The vulnerability highlights the critical importance of secure coding practices in web applications, particularly in authentication mechanisms where input validation is paramount to maintaining system security and user trust.