CVE-2025-25678 in i12
Summary
by MITRE • 02/21/2025
Tenda i12 V1.0.0.10(3805) was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the funcpara1 parameter in the formSetCfm function.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/01/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-25678 represents a critical buffer overflow condition within the Tenda i12 V1.0.0.10(3805) router firmware. This issue manifests through the funcpara1 parameter within the formSetCfm function, creating a potential pathway for remote code execution and system compromise. The affected device operates under a web-based administration interface that processes user input through HTTP POST requests, making it susceptible to exploitation by malicious actors who can craft specially crafted payloads to trigger the buffer overflow condition.
The technical flaw stems from inadequate input validation and bounds checking within the firmware's web server component. When the formSetCfm function processes the funcpara1 parameter, it fails to properly verify the length of incoming data before copying it into a fixed-size buffer located in memory. This classic buffer overflow vulnerability falls under CWE-121, which specifically addresses stack-based buffer overflow conditions, and CWE-787, which covers out-of-bounds write vulnerabilities. The vulnerability allows attackers to overwrite adjacent memory locations, potentially corrupting program execution flow and enabling arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the web server process.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability presents significant risk to network security infrastructure as it enables remote exploitation without requiring authentication. An attacker can leverage this flaw to gain unauthorized access to the router's administrative functions, potentially leading to complete system compromise including the ability to modify network configurations, install malicious software, or establish persistent backdoors. The impact extends beyond individual device compromise as compromised routers can serve as stepping stones for broader network infiltration, particularly in enterprise environments where multiple devices may be connected to the same network segment. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for command and script interpreter and T1021.001 for remote services, as it enables both remote code execution and service manipulation.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-25678 should prioritize immediate firmware updates from Tenda's official support channels, as the vendor has likely released patches addressing this specific buffer overflow condition. Network administrators should implement network segmentation to limit potential attack vectors and monitor for suspicious traffic patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts. Additionally, disabling unnecessary web management interfaces and implementing strong access controls can reduce the attack surface. Security professionals should conduct thorough vulnerability assessments of all network devices running affected firmware versions and consider implementing intrusion detection systems to monitor for exploitation attempts. The remediation process must include comprehensive testing of firmware updates to ensure they do not introduce compatibility issues with existing network configurations while maintaining proper security controls to prevent unauthorized access to network infrastructure.