CVE-2025-25679 in i12
Summary
by MITRE • 02/21/2025
Tenda i12 V1.0.0.10(3805) was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the index parameter in the formWifiMacFilterSet function.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/31/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-25679 affects the Tenda i12 router firmware version V1.0.0.10(3805) and represents a critical buffer overflow flaw within the web interface handling mechanism. This issue manifests specifically through the formWifiMacFilterSet function which processes the index parameter, creating an opportunity for malicious actors to exploit memory corruption vulnerabilities. The buffer overflow occurs when the device fails to properly validate input length before copying data into fixed-size memory buffers, allowing attackers to overwrite adjacent memory locations and potentially execute arbitrary code. This vulnerability resides within the router's web management interface, making it accessible through standard network protocols and presenting a significant risk to network security. The flaw directly relates to CWE-121 which categorizes buffer overflow conditions where insufficient bounds checking allows memory to be overwritten beyond allocated boundaries, and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for command and script injection through web interfaces.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability enables attackers to manipulate the index parameter in a way that exceeds the allocated buffer size within the formWifiMacFilterSet function. When the router processes this malformed input, the insufficient input validation causes a stack-based buffer overflow, potentially allowing remote code execution or denial of service conditions. The affected firmware version suggests this is likely a regression or oversight in the development lifecycle where proper input sanitization and bounds checking were not implemented or inadequately tested. Attackers could leverage this vulnerability to gain unauthorized access to the router's administrative functions, potentially leading to complete network compromise. The exploitation requires minimal privileges since the vulnerability exists within the web interface that typically operates with administrative privileges, making it particularly dangerous in network environments where router management is accessible from external networks.
The operational impact of CVE-2025-25679 extends beyond simple denial of service scenarios to encompass full system compromise and persistent network access. Once exploited, attackers can modify wireless MAC filtering rules, potentially allowing unauthorized devices to connect to the network while blocking legitimate ones. The vulnerability could enable attackers to install backdoors, modify router configurations, or redirect network traffic to malicious endpoints. Network administrators may face challenges in detecting exploitation since the attack could occur through normal web browsing activities without obvious indicators. This vulnerability particularly affects enterprise and home networks that rely on Tenda routers for wireless connectivity, creating potential for widespread compromise across multiple devices and systems. The issue also impacts the router's ability to maintain secure wireless access control, undermining fundamental network security controls that depend on proper MAC filtering implementation.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-25679 should prioritize immediate firmware updates from Tenda if available, as this represents the most effective approach to resolving the buffer overflow vulnerability. Network administrators should implement network segmentation to isolate critical systems from potentially compromised routers, while also monitoring network traffic for unusual patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. Access controls should be strengthened by disabling unnecessary web management interfaces, implementing strict firewall rules, and ensuring that only authorized personnel can access router configuration interfaces. The vulnerability highlights the importance of input validation and bounds checking in embedded systems, and organizations should review their firmware update policies to ensure timely patch deployment. Additionally, network monitoring tools should be configured to detect malformed HTTP requests targeting known vulnerable parameters, and security assessments should include evaluation of web interface security controls to prevent similar buffer overflow conditions in other network equipment.