CVE-2025-28407 in RuoYi
Summary
by MITRE • 04/07/2025
An issue in RUoYi v.4.8.0 allows a remote attacker to escalate privileges via the edit method of the /edit/{dictId} endpoint does not properly validate whether the requesting user has permission to modify the specified dictId
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/24/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-28407 resides within the RUoYi content management system version 4.8.0, specifically targeting the privilege escalation capabilities through improper access control validation. This flaw manifests in the /edit/{dictId} endpoint where the application fails to adequately verify user permissions before allowing modifications to dictionary entries. The system's authorization mechanism is fundamentally compromised, creating a pathway for unauthorized users to manipulate data they should not have access to.
This vulnerability represents a critical authorization bypass issue that aligns with CWE-285, which addresses improper authorization within software systems. The flaw occurs at the application logic level where the edit method does not implement proper user role validation or access control checks. When a malicious actor sends a request to the /edit/{dictId} endpoint, the system processes the modification request without confirming whether the authenticated user possesses the necessary administrative privileges to alter the specified dictionary identifier. This represents a classic case of insufficient authorization validation that violates fundamental security principles.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data modification, as it enables attackers to potentially manipulate system configuration data, alter user permissions, or corrupt critical dictionary entries that may affect multiple system functions. An attacker could exploit this weakness to escalate their privileges within the system, potentially gaining administrative access to the entire RUoYi platform. This vulnerability particularly affects organizations relying on RUoYi for managing system dictionaries, user roles, or configuration data where dictionary entries are used to define system behavior and access controls.
From an ATT&CK framework perspective, this vulnerability maps to T1078 Validated Credentials and T1548.001 Abuse of Functionality, as it allows attackers to leverage existing authenticated sessions to perform unauthorized administrative actions. The attack chain typically begins with initial access through any means that grants the attacker an authenticated session, followed by exploitation of this authorization bypass to modify critical system data. The vulnerability also relates to T1484.001 Domain Controller Policy Modification if the dictionary entries control domain-level policies or authentication mechanisms.
Mitigation strategies should focus on implementing proper input validation and access control checks at the application level. The system must enforce strict authorization checks before processing any modification requests to dictionary entries, ensuring that only users with appropriate administrative privileges can modify specific dictId values. Implementing role-based access control with proper permission validation for each endpoint is essential. Additionally, organizations should consider implementing comprehensive logging and monitoring of dictionary modification activities to detect unauthorized access attempts. The fix requires modifying the edit method to include robust permission validation that checks user roles against the target dictionary entry before allowing any modifications. Regular security assessments and code reviews should be conducted to identify similar authorization bypass vulnerabilities throughout the application codebase.