CVE-2025-44183 in Vehicle Record Management System
Summary
by MITRE • 05/15/2025
Phpgurukul Vehicle Record Management System v1.0 is vulnerable to Cross Site Scripting (XSS) in /admin/profile.php via the name, email, and mobile parameters.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/15/2025
The Phpgurukul Vehicle Record Management System version 1.0 contains a critical cross site scripting vulnerability that affects the administrative profile management functionality. This vulnerability exists within the /admin/profile.php endpoint where user-supplied input parameters including name, email, and mobile are not properly sanitized or validated before being rendered back to users. The flaw represents a classic stored or reflected XSS vulnerability that allows malicious actors to inject malicious scripts into the web application's response, potentially compromising user sessions and enabling further exploitation. The vulnerability specifically targets the administrative interface where sensitive profile information is managed, making it particularly dangerous as it could be leveraged by attackers to gain unauthorized access to administrative privileges.
This vulnerability directly maps to CWE-79 which defines Cross-Site Scripting as a weakness where untrusted data is sent to a web browser without proper validation or encoding, allowing an attacker to execute scripts in the victim's browser context. The attack vector involves an attacker submitting malicious payloads through the name, email, and mobile input fields in the profile management form, which are then stored or reflected back to users without proper HTML escaping or sanitization. The vulnerability operates under the ATT&CK framework category of T1059.001 - Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell, as it enables attackers to execute malicious scripts in the browser context of authenticated users. The specific parameters affected demonstrate that the application fails to implement proper input validation mechanisms, allowing arbitrary code execution within the context of the victim's browser session.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple script execution as it creates a persistent threat vector that can be exploited to perform session hijacking, defacement of administrative interfaces, or redirection to malicious sites. An attacker could craft payloads that steal authentication cookies, redirect users to phishing sites, or inject malicious content that persists in the application's profile management system. The vulnerability is particularly concerning for administrative users who have elevated privileges within the vehicle record management system, as successful exploitation could lead to complete compromise of the administrative interface and potentially the entire underlying database. The reflected nature of the vulnerability means that the malicious scripts would execute immediately when other users view the compromised profile information, creating a chain reaction of potential compromise.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should include implementing comprehensive input validation and output encoding mechanisms throughout the application. The application must sanitize all user inputs before processing or storing them, particularly in administrative interfaces where the risk of exploitation is highest. The recommended approach involves implementing proper HTML entity encoding for all output generated from user-supplied data, ensuring that special characters are properly escaped to prevent script execution. Additionally, the application should implement Content Security Policy headers to limit the sources from which scripts can be executed, providing an additional layer of protection against XSS attacks. The implementation should follow OWASP Top 10 recommendations for XSS prevention, including the use of secure input validation libraries and regular security testing to identify similar vulnerabilities in other parts of the application. Organizations should also consider implementing web application firewalls to detect and block malicious payloads attempting to exploit this vulnerability, while ensuring that all administrative interfaces receive the highest level of security scrutiny during both development and deployment phases.