CVE-2025-44837 in CPE CP900
Summary
by MITRE • 05/01/2025
TOTOLINK CPE CP900 V6.3c.1144_B20190715 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the CloudSrvUserdataVersionCheck function via the url or magicid parameters. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted request.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/26/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-44837 affects the TOTOLINK CPE CP900 router model running firmware version V6.3c.1144_B20190715. This device operates within the consumer and small office networking space, providing wireless connectivity and network management capabilities to end users. The affected device falls under the category of network infrastructure equipment that requires robust security controls to prevent unauthorized access and potential compromise of network assets.
The technical flaw manifests within the CloudSrvUserdataVersionCheck function where insufficient input validation occurs for the url and magicid parameters. This function appears to handle cloud service communication and version checking operations for the device's cloud connectivity features. The vulnerability stems from improper sanitization of user-supplied input, allowing maliciously crafted parameters to be interpreted as command instructions rather than data. This represents a classic command injection vulnerability that maps to CWE-77 in the Common Weakness Enumeration catalog, specifically categorized as improper neutralization of special elements used in a command.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is significant as it provides attackers with arbitrary code execution capabilities on the affected device. An attacker who successfully exploits this vulnerability could gain complete control over the router, potentially leading to man-in-the-middle attacks, network traffic interception, DNS hijacking, or even using the device as a pivot point for attacking other systems within the local network. The attack surface is particularly concerning given that this is a network infrastructure device that typically operates with elevated privileges and has direct access to network traffic.
The vulnerability aligns with several tactics outlined in the MITRE ATT&CK framework, particularly focusing on privilege escalation and execution through command injection techniques. Attackers could leverage this vulnerability to establish persistent access, modify network configurations, or redirect traffic through the compromised device. The exploitation requires a crafted HTTP request containing malicious input in either the url or magicid parameters, making it relatively accessible to attackers with basic knowledge of web application exploitation techniques.
Mitigation strategies should prioritize immediate firmware updates from TOTOLINK if available, as this represents the most effective defense against the vulnerability. Network segmentation and access controls should be implemented to limit exposure of the device to untrusted networks. Additionally, monitoring network traffic for suspicious patterns and implementing web application firewalls can provide additional layers of protection. Organizations should also conduct comprehensive network assessments to identify all instances of this vulnerable device and ensure proper network hygiene practices are maintained to prevent exploitation attempts.