CVE-2025-5829 in MaxiCharger AC Wallbox Commercial
Summary
by MITRE • 06/25/2025
Autel MaxiCharger AC Wallbox Commercial autocharge Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows physically present attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected affected installations of Autel MaxiCharger AC Wallbox Commercial EV chargers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the handling of JSON messages. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the device. Was ZDI-CAN-26330.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/10/2025
The CVE-2025-5829 vulnerability represents a critical stack-based buffer overflow flaw in Autel MaxiCharger AC Wallbox Commercial EV chargers that exposes devices to remote code execution attacks. This vulnerability specifically affects commercial electric vehicle charging infrastructure and demonstrates a fundamental security weakness in how the device processes incoming JSON messages. The flaw stems from inadequate input validation mechanisms that fail to properly check the length of user-supplied data before copying it into fixed-size stack buffers, creating a predictable exploitation vector that can be leveraged by attackers without requiring authentication credentials.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability operates through a classic stack buffer overflow attack pattern where JSON message handling lacks proper bounds checking. When the device receives a specially crafted JSON payload, it attempts to copy the data into a predetermined stack buffer without validating whether the incoming data exceeds the buffer's allocated size. This fundamental flaw in input validation creates an exploitable condition where attackers can overwrite adjacent stack memory, potentially corrupting program execution flow and allowing arbitrary code execution. The vulnerability's classification as a stack-based buffer overflow aligns with CWE-121 which specifically addresses stack-based buffer overflow conditions in software implementations.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond typical network-based attacks due to the physical presence requirement for exploitation, yet this limitation does not sufficiently mitigate the risk given the commercial nature of the affected devices. These EV chargers are deployed in public and commercial environments where physical access may be achievable through various means, including social engineering, opportunistic attacks, or insider threats. The lack of authentication requirements for exploitation means that any individual with physical access to the device can potentially compromise the entire charging infrastructure, potentially affecting not only the device itself but also connected network systems and user data. This vulnerability essentially transforms a physical access point into a remote code execution capability, creating a significant security risk for commercial charging networks.
Security professionals should consider this vulnerability in the context of the attack lifecycle and MITRE ATT&CK framework, particularly focusing on the privilege escalation and execution phases where attackers can leverage such flaws to gain persistent access to critical infrastructure. The vulnerability's impact is amplified by the fact that these devices often operate as part of larger IoT ecosystems where compromised chargers can serve as entry points for broader network infiltration. Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including network segmentation of charging infrastructure, physical access controls, and firmware updates when available. The vulnerability also highlights the importance of secure coding practices in embedded systems and the necessity of input validation mechanisms in all data processing pathways. Given the commercial deployment context, this vulnerability represents a significant concern for enterprise security teams managing electric vehicle infrastructure and requires comprehensive risk assessment and remediation strategies to prevent potential exploitation by malicious actors.