CVE-2025-58771 in AptioV
Summary
by MITRE • 10/13/2026
AMI APTIOV contains vulnerabilities in BIOS where users may cause “Integer Overflow or Wraparound” by local access. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to buffer overflows, memory corruption, and arbitrary code execution, and also impact Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/13/2026
The Advanced Micro Devices AMI APTIOV BIOS firmware contains critical security flaws that stem from improper handling of integer values during system initialization and runtime operations. These vulnerabilities are classified as Integer Overflow or Wraparound errors, a category of weakness defined by the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) standard under CWE-190. The root cause lies in the failure to validate arithmetic results before they are used for memory allocation or buffer sizing calculations within the BIOS codebase. When local users interact with specific system interfaces or trigger particular boot sequences, they can supply input values that result in mathematical overflows. Instead of detecting these anomalies and rejecting the invalid inputs, the firmware proceeds with operations based on incorrect size estimates derived from wrapped-around integer values. This fundamental logic error creates a discrepancy between the expected memory footprint and the actual allocation, setting the stage for severe memory safety violations.
The operational impact of exploiting this vulnerability is profound due to its location within the Basic Input/Output System layer. Because APTIOV operates at ring 0 with unrestricted access to hardware resources, successful exploitation allows an attacker to achieve arbitrary code execution on the host system. The integer overflow directly facilitates buffer overflows and memory corruption by causing writes beyond allocated boundaries into adjacent memory regions. This can overwrite critical data structures such as function pointers or return addresses, enabling control flow hijacking. Furthermore, since this vulnerability is accessible via local access, it represents a significant threat vector for privilege escalation attacks where an unprivileged user gains administrative rights over the operating system and underlying hardware. The compromise extends beyond mere execution; it impacts all three pillars of information security: confidentiality through unauthorized data exfiltration from memory or storage, integrity by allowing modification of firmware settings or OS kernels, and availability via denial-of-service conditions caused by system crashes resulting from severe memory corruption.
From a tactical perspective, this vulnerability aligns with techniques observed in Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) campaigns as documented in the MITRE ATT&CK framework. Specifically, it relates to persistence mechanisms that leverage BIOS updates or firmware modifications to maintain access even after operating system reinstalls. Attackers may utilize this flaw to inject malicious payloads into non-volatile memory regions, ensuring long-term foothold within the enterprise infrastructure. The ability to execute arbitrary code at this low level makes detection by standard endpoint security solutions extremely difficult, as traditional antivirus software typically operates at higher privilege levels and cannot easily inspect or monitor BIOS-level memory operations in real-time without specialized hardware-assisted debugging tools.
Mitigation strategies must focus on both immediate remediation and long-term architectural improvements. The primary defense is the deployment of vendor-provided firmware updates that patch these specific integer validation flaws within the APTIOV codebase. System administrators should prioritize applying BIOS patches as soon as they are released by AMI or the original equipment manufacturer. In environments where immediate patching is not feasible, strict access controls to physical ports and local user accounts become critical to prevent unauthorized individuals from triggering the vulnerable functions. Additionally, enabling Secure Boot can help mitigate some risks by ensuring that only signed firmware components load during boot processes, although this does not fully protect against runtime exploitation of existing vulnerabilities in already-loaded code. Organizations should also consider implementing hardware-based security features such as Intel TXT or AMD SVM if available and supported, which provide additional layers of isolation for critical system operations. Regular auditing of BIOS settings and monitoring for unusual firmware modification attempts are essential components of a comprehensive defense-in-depth strategy against low-level exploits targeting foundational system software.