CVE-2025-58772 in AptioV
Summary
by MITRE • 10/13/2026
AMI APTIOV contains vulnerabilities in BIOS where users may cause “Classic Buffer Overflow” by local access. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to buffer overflows, memory corruption, and arbitrary code execution, and also impact Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/13/2026
The Advanced Micro Devices AMI APTIOV BIOS firmware contains critical security flaws that stem from improper handling of input data during system initialization or runtime operations. These vulnerabilities are classified as classic buffer overflows, a well-documented weakness in software engineering where more data is written to a fixed-length memory block than it can hold. In the context of UEFI-based systems like APTIOV, such flaws often reside in drivers, option ROMs, or core BIOS modules that process user-supplied inputs without adequate bounds checking. The presence of these vulnerabilities allows an attacker who has achieved local access on the target system to trigger memory corruption by supplying crafted input data that exceeds the allocated buffer size. This exploitation vector is particularly dangerous because it bypasses higher-level operating system protections if the vulnerability occurs in pre-boot or early boot stages, or even within runtime services accessible from a compromised user space context depending on the specific module involved.
The technical mechanism behind this flaw involves the overwriting of adjacent memory locations with data intended for the buffer. When the input exceeds the predefined limit, it spills into neighboring memory regions, potentially overwriting critical control structures such as return addresses, function pointers, or exception handlers. This corruption disrupts the normal flow of execution within the BIOS firmware. An attacker can leverage this condition to redirect program execution to malicious shellcode injected into the same memory space. Because UEFI environments often operate with high privileges and have direct access to hardware resources, successful exploitation does not merely result in a crash but enables arbitrary code execution at one of the highest privilege levels available on modern computing platforms. This capability fundamentally undermines the trust model upon which secure boot and system integrity rely.
The operational impact of exploiting these buffer overflow vulnerabilities is severe and multifaceted, affecting all three pillars of information security: confidentiality, integrity, and availability. By achieving arbitrary code execution within the BIOS environment, an attacker can establish a persistent rootkit that survives operating system reinstalls and reboots, as firmware updates are required to remove it. This persistence allows for long-term surveillance, data exfiltration, or manipulation of boot processes to load malicious kernels before security software initializes. The integrity of the system is compromised because the attacker gains control over low-level hardware configurations and can disable security features such as Secure Boot or TPM measurements. Furthermore, availability is impacted through denial-of-service scenarios where memory corruption causes system instability, crashes during POST (Power-On Self-Test), or prevents the machine from booting entirely until firmware is reflashed by an administrator with physical access.
From a classification perspective, this vulnerability aligns closely with CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input, which describes the fundamental error in memory management that leads to overflow conditions. Additionally, it maps to ATT&CK technique T1509: Firmware Corruption or Modification, as well as T1623: Driver Firmware, highlighting how attackers target firmware components to maintain persistence and evade detection. The local access requirement means that physical security is a primary defense layer; however, the risk escalates significantly if remote management interfaces like IPMI or AMT are exposed or misconfigured, potentially allowing network-based exploitation vectors in some configurations.
Mitigation strategies must focus on both immediate remediation and long-term architectural improvements. The most effective solution is to apply vendor-provided BIOS updates that patch these specific buffer overflow vulnerabilities by implementing strict input validation and bounds checking routines within the affected modules. Organizations should ensure their firmware update policies are current, as AMI regularly releases patches for known APTIOV flaws. Beyond software fixes, physical security controls must be strengthened to prevent unauthorized local access, including securing server rooms with biometric or keycard entry and disabling boot-from-external-device options in BIOS settings where not required. Enabling Secure Boot ensures that only signed firmware components are loaded, which can mitigate the impact of some exploitation attempts by preventing unsigned code execution during early boot stages. Regular auditing of UEFI variables and monitoring for unauthorized changes to NVRAM contents can also help detect potential compromise indicators before they lead to full system takeover.