CVE-2025-7548 in FH1201
Summary
by MITRE • 07/14/2025
A vulnerability has been found in Tenda FH1201 1.2.0.14(408) and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects the function formSafeEmailFilter of the file /goform/SafeEmailFilter. The manipulation of the argument page leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/14/2025
This critical vulnerability in Tenda FH1201 router firmware version 1.2.0.14(408) represents a severe stack-based buffer overflow flaw within the web interface administration functionality. The vulnerability specifically resides in the formSafeEmailFilter function located at /goform/SafeEmailFilter, where improper input validation allows attackers to manipulate the page argument parameter. This flaw falls under CWE-121 Stack-based Buffer Overflow, a well-documented weakness that occurs when more data is written to a fixed-length stack buffer than it can accommodate, potentially leading to memory corruption and arbitrary code execution. The affected device exposes this functionality through its web-based management interface, making it accessible to remote attackers without requiring physical access or authentication.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple remote code execution, as it enables attackers to gain full control over the affected router's operations. The stack-based buffer overflow creates a condition where malicious input can overwrite adjacent memory locations, potentially allowing an attacker to inject and execute arbitrary code within the router's memory space. This remote exploitation capability means that threat actors can compromise devices from anywhere on the internet, making the vulnerability particularly dangerous for residential and small office networks. The public disclosure of exploit code significantly increases the risk level, as it removes the requirement for advanced technical skills to leverage this vulnerability for malicious purposes.
Network security professionals must understand that this vulnerability directly maps to several ATT&CK framework techniques including T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter and T1566 Phishing, as compromised routers can be used for man-in-the-middle attacks, DNS hijacking, or as launch points for further network infiltration. The affected device configuration interface provides an ideal attack surface for persistent threats, as routers often maintain long-running processes and have elevated privileges within network environments. Organizations should immediately implement network segmentation and access controls to limit exposure, while also monitoring for suspicious network traffic patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of firmware security updates and proper input validation in embedded systems, as the flaw exists in a core administrative function that should never be exposed to unauthenticated remote access without proper sanitization measures.
Mitigation strategies should include immediate firmware updates from Tenda if available, network-based firewalls configured to block access to the vulnerable web interface, and implementation of intrusion detection systems to monitor for exploitation attempts. Security teams must also conduct comprehensive network assessments to identify all affected devices and implement temporary workarounds such as disabling remote administration or restricting access to trusted IP ranges. The vulnerability highlights the broader challenge of securing Internet of Things devices and underscores the need for robust security practices throughout the software development lifecycle, particularly in embedded systems where resource constraints often lead to inadequate security controls. Organizations should also consider implementing network monitoring solutions that can detect anomalous behavior patterns consistent with buffer overflow exploitation attempts, as the memory corruption effects may manifest in subtle network traffic anomalies before full compromise occurs.