CVE-2026-40627 in Totolink
Summary
by MITRE • 10/21/2026
An os command injection vulnerability exists in the boa formWsc targetAPSsid functionality of Totolink X2000R TOTOLINK-X2000R-Gh-V1.0.0-B20250421.1327. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/21/2026
The identified security flaw resides within the boa web server implementation of Totolink X2000R routers running firmware version TOTOLINK-X2000R-Gh-V1.0.0-B20250421.1327, specifically affecting the formWsc targetAPSsid functionality. This component is responsible for handling Wireless Security Configuration (WSC) parameters related to Access Point settings. The vulnerability stems from a failure to properly sanitize user-supplied input before it is passed to underlying system commands or shell interpreters. When an authenticated user submits a request containing specially crafted data in the targetAPSsid parameter, the application fails to escape special characters effectively. This lack of input validation allows malicious payloads to break out of the intended command context and execute arbitrary operating system commands with the privileges of the web server process, which typically runs as root on embedded devices.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability poses a severe risk to network integrity and device availability. Because the attack requires authentication, it is classified as an authenticated remote code execution flaw. However, in many consumer router deployments, default credentials are often left unchanged or weak passwords are used by end-users, effectively lowering the barrier for exploitation. Once executed, arbitrary code allows an attacker to gain full control over the compromised device. This can lead to a range of malicious activities including pivoting into internal networks, installing persistent backdoors, exfiltrating sensitive data such as Wi-Fi credentials and connected device information, or using the router as part of a botnet for distributed denial-of-service attacks. The impact extends beyond the single device, potentially compromising the entire local area network that relies on this gateway for connectivity and security enforcement.
The technical nature of this flaw aligns with Common Weakness Enumeration identifier CWE-78 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command, commonly known as OS command injection. The vulnerability is exploited through a web interface interaction, which maps to the MITRE ATT&CK technique T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter under the Execution tactic. Attackers can leverage this capability via the Initial Access vector if they possess valid credentials or exploit credential stuffing attacks to gain entry before executing commands. The persistence of such an attack is high due to the embedded nature of router firmware, where updates are infrequent and manual intervention by users is rare.
Mitigation strategies must focus on both immediate remediation and long-term security hygiene. The primary solution is for Totolink to release a patched firmware version that addresses the input validation logic within the formWsc targetAPSsid handler. Until an official patch is available, administrators should restrict access to the router's web interface by disabling remote management features if not strictly required. Implementing network segmentation can limit lateral movement in case of compromise. Furthermore, enforcing strong, unique administrative passwords reduces the likelihood of unauthorized authenticated access. Regular monitoring for unusual outbound traffic or configuration changes on the device can aid in early detection of exploitation attempts. Users are advised to check manufacturer support channels regularly for firmware updates that resolve known vulnerabilities and apply them promptly to maintain a secure network perimeter.