CVE-2026-54206 in TeamDavid
Summary
by MITRE • 08/07/2026
Tobit Laboratories AG TeamDavid's Webbox 's sending email, fax, SMS, etc. functionality accepts a @@INCLUDE command, which can be set to network locations using UNC paths (e.g., “\\Server\Share”). The server processes these paths without validation, resulting in outbound connection attempts to attacker-controlled SMB servers. This enables authenticated attackers to trigger the server to authenticate to arbitrary SMB endpoints, potentially exposing NTLM authentication information (such as NTLM hashes). If outbound connections to port 445 (SMB) are permitted, attackers can use this to conduct SMB relay or credential theft attacks. Exploitation of the “pathname” parameter is possible without authentication. This issue affects TeamDavid through Rollout 524.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/07/2026
The vulnerability in Tobit Laboratories AG TeamDavid's Webbox represents a critical security flaw that exploits the system's handling of UNC paths within its email, fax, and SMS functionality. This weakness allows attackers to manipulate the @@INCLUDE command by specifying network locations using Universal Naming Convention paths, creating a pathway for unauthorized network communication. The system processes these paths without proper validation or sanitization, enabling malicious actors to craft requests that trigger outbound connections to attacker-controlled SMB servers. This design flaw fundamentally undermines the security boundaries of the application, as it permits arbitrary network communication initiated by the vulnerable server itself.
The technical execution of this vulnerability involves the exploitation of the pathname parameter through the @@INCLUDE functionality, which operates without authentication requirements. Attackers can construct malicious requests that reference UNC paths pointing to SMB endpoints they control, causing the Webbox server to initiate outbound connections to these locations. This behavior creates an opportunity for credential exposure since the server will authenticate to the attacker-controlled SMB servers using its own credentials. The NTLM authentication mechanism becomes particularly vulnerable because the system may transmit NTLM hashes or other authentication information during the SMB connection process. When outbound connections to port 445 are permitted, this vulnerability becomes even more dangerous as it enables attackers to leverage SMB relay attacks, where they can intercept and reuse authentication tokens.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple credential theft to encompass broader network compromise scenarios. An authenticated attacker could potentially use this vulnerability to conduct reconnaissance activities by targeting various SMB endpoints within the network, or execute more sophisticated attacks such as pass-the-hash or pass-the-ticket attacks against other systems. The attack surface is particularly concerning because it can be exploited without prior authentication, making it accessible to anyone who can submit requests to the Webbox service. This weakness also creates potential for lateral movement within networks where SMB services are prevalent, as the compromised server may have access to additional network resources that would otherwise be protected by firewall rules or other security controls.
Mitigation strategies should focus on implementing strict input validation and sanitization for all path parameters, particularly those related to UNC paths. Organizations should disable or restrict outbound SMB connections from the Webbox server where possible, ensuring that only necessary network communication is permitted. Network segmentation and firewall rules should be implemented to prevent unauthorized access to SMB ports and services from the Webbox server. Additionally, administrators should consider disabling the @@INCLUDE functionality entirely if it is not essential for business operations, or implement strict access controls that limit which users can submit requests containing UNC paths. Regular security assessments and network monitoring should be conducted to detect unusual outbound SMB connections that may indicate exploitation attempts. This vulnerability aligns with CWE-22 Path Traversal and CWE-1107 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component, and maps to ATT&CK techniques including T1187 Forced Authentication and T1071.3 Application Layer Protocol SMB/Windows Admin Shares, making it a significant concern for organizations implementing security controls based on these frameworks.