CVE-2026-57499 in core
Summary
by MITRE • 08/27/2026
Liman is open source server management software. Prior to 2.2.2 - 1103, an OS command injection vulnerability in the log rotation configuration endpoint allows an authenticated administrator to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the Liman server. The `ip_address` parameter is embedded directly into a shell command without sanitization, enabling shell escape via single-quote injection. This is fixed in 2.2.2 - 1103.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/27/2026
The vulnerability identified within Liman, an open-source server management software, represents a critical security flaw classified as OS Command Injection under the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE-78). This specific issue resides in the log rotation configuration endpoint and affects versions prior to 2.2.2 - 1103. The core technical deficiency lies in the improper handling of user-supplied input, specifically within the ip_address parameter. When this parameter is processed by the application backend, it is embedded directly into a shell command string without adequate sanitization or validation mechanisms. This lack of input filtering allows an attacker to inject malicious shell metacharacters, such as single quotes, which can break out of the intended command context and allow for arbitrary operating system commands to be executed on the host server.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability poses a severe risk because it requires authentication at the administrator level. While this restricts the attack surface compared to unauthenticated vulnerabilities, it highlights a significant privilege escalation concern if administrative credentials are compromised through phishing, credential stuffing, or other means of account takeover. Once authenticated as an administrator, an attacker can leverage the command injection flaw to execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the user running the Liman service. This typically results in full system compromise, allowing the attacker to install backdoors, exfiltrate sensitive data from the server, pivot into internal network segments, or disrupt services by terminating critical processes. The ability to inject shell escapes via single-quote injection indicates that the application likely constructs commands using string concatenation rather than safe execution methods like parameterized calls or dedicated API functions for system operations.
This vulnerability aligns with MITRE ATT&CK techniques related to Command and Scripting Interpreter abuse, specifically T1059 which covers various scripting languages including shell scripts used in Linux environments. The exploitation path involves the attacker crafting a payload that exploits the parsing logic of the underlying operating system shell, such as bash or sh, to execute unintended commands. For instance, an input like 127.0.0.1; cat /etc/passwd would result in two separate commands being executed: one targeting the IP address and another reading sensitive system files. The presence of this flaw suggests that security controls were not adequately implemented during the development phase, particularly regarding secure coding practices for external command invocation.
To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations running Liman must immediately upgrade to version 2.2.2 - 1103 or later, where the issue has been resolved by implementing proper input validation and safe execution methods. Input sanitization should enforce strict whitelisting of allowed characters for IP addresses, ensuring that only valid IPv4 or IPv6 formats are accepted without any shell metacharacters. Additionally, developers should avoid passing user input directly to system shells; instead, they should use language-specific libraries that handle command execution safely by separating the executable from its arguments. For existing deployments awaiting an upgrade, network-level controls such as Web Application Firewalls can be configured to detect and block common injection patterns in log rotation endpoints. Regular security audits and static code analysis tools focused on detecting CWE-78 instances are also recommended to prevent similar flaws in future development cycles.