CVE-2026-58865 in Android
Summary
by MITRE • 10/05/2026
In multiple functions of PduParser.java, there is a possible persistent denial of service due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/05/2026
The vulnerability identified in the PduParser.java component represents a critical flaw rooted in improper input validation, specifically manifesting as a missing bounds check within multiple parsing functions. This architectural weakness allows an attacker to supply crafted Short Message Service Control Protocol (SMPP) data that exceeds expected buffer limits or array indices without triggering appropriate exception handling or boundary verification logic. In the context of Java-based applications processing PDU packets, such parsers are often central to communication gateways and messaging platforms where high throughput is required. The absence of rigorous index validation means that when a maliciously constructed packet contains length fields or offset values that point beyond the allocated memory space for the current buffer, the underlying JVM may throw an unhandled exception, typically resulting in a stack trace error that crashes the parsing thread or the entire application process depending on how exceptions are propagated and caught at higher levels.
From a technical perspective, this flaw aligns with CWE-125, Out-of-bounds Read, although in many Java implementations where such errors lead to immediate termination rather than arbitrary code execution via memory corruption, it primarily facilitates a Denial of Service scenario. The vulnerability is particularly severe because it does not require authentication or user interaction for exploitation. An attacker can remotely target the service by sending specially crafted PDU packets over the network interface that exposes this parser. Since SMPP services are often exposed to external networks to facilitate inter-operator messaging, the attack surface is significantly broadened. The lack of required privileges means that any entity with network access to the port hosting the vulnerable service can trigger the crash, making it a high-risk vector for disrupting critical communication infrastructure.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple application restarts. In production environments handling real-time messaging traffic, repeated exploitation can lead to sustained unavailability of services, causing message delivery failures and potential financial loss due to SLA violations. Furthermore, if the application is part of a larger microservices architecture or relies on stateful sessions, the sudden termination of parsing threads might leave connections in an inconsistent state, potentially leading to resource leaks such as open sockets or database connection pools that are not properly cleaned up during abrupt shutdowns. This secondary effect can exacerbate the denial of service by consuming system resources even after the initial crash, requiring manual intervention to fully restore normal operations and clear stale states.
Mitigation strategies must focus on implementing robust input validation at the earliest possible stage in the parsing pipeline. Developers should enforce strict length checks against all incoming PDU fields before attempting any array access or buffer manipulation. Utilizing safe collection methods that throw controlled exceptions rather than allowing unchecked index errors is essential, but more importantly, explicit boundary verification logic should be added to ensure that calculated indices remain within the valid range of the data structure. Additionally, implementing a circuit breaker pattern can help isolate failing components and prevent cascading failures across the system. From an infrastructure standpoint, deploying Web Application Firewalls or specialized SMPP gateways with deep packet inspection capabilities can filter out malformed packets before they reach the vulnerable application layer, providing a defense-in-depth approach to mitigate this risk until a permanent code fix is deployed.
This vulnerability also maps to MITRE ATT&CK technique T1499, Endpoint Denial of Service, specifically under the sub-technique for resource exhaustion via service disruption. By exploiting this flaw, an adversary can effectively degrade or halt the availability of critical messaging services without needing elevated privileges on the target system. The ease of exploitation and lack of user interaction make it a prime candidate for automated scanning tools used by threat actors seeking to disrupt organizational communications. Therefore, prioritizing patches that address these bounds checking deficiencies is crucial for maintaining the integrity and availability of systems relying on PDU parsing functionality. Regular security audits focusing on input validation patterns in network-facing components are recommended to identify similar vulnerabilities across other modules within the codebase.