SAML-Toolkits ruby-saml up to 1.12.3/1.17.x ReXML/Nokogiri signature verification

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability labeled as critical has been found in SAML-Toolkits ruby-saml up to 1.12.3/1.17.x. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component ReXML/Nokogiri. Executing a manipulation can lead to signature verification. This vulnerability is handled as CVE-2025-25292. The attack can be executed remotely. There is not any exploit available. The affected component should be upgraded.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability has been found in SAML-Toolkits ruby-saml up to 1.12.3/1.17.x and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects an unknown part of the component ReXML/Nokogiri. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a signature verification vulnerability. The CWE definition for the vulnerability is CWE-347. The product does not verify, or incorrectly verifies, the cryptographic signature for data. As an impact it is known to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability. CVE summarizes:

ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently, the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. This issue may lead to authentication bypass. Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 contain a patch for the issue.

The advisory is shared for download at github.com. This vulnerability was named CVE-2025-25292 since 02/06/2025. The exploitation appears to be easy. The attack can be initiated remotely. No form of authentication is required for a successful exploitation. There are neither technical details nor an exploit publicly available.

The vulnerability scanner Nessus provides a plugin with the ID 232721 (FreeBSD : Gitlab -- Vulnerabilities (a435609c-ffd5-11ef-b4e4-2cf05da270f3)), which helps to determine the existence of the flaw in a target environment.

Upgrading to version 1.12.4 or 1.18.0 eliminates this vulnerability. The upgrade is hosted for download at about.gitlab.com. Applying the patch e76c5b36bac40aedbf1ba7ffaaf495be63328cd9 is able to eliminate this problem. The bugfix is ready for download at github.com. The best possible mitigation is suggested to be upgrading to the latest version.

The vulnerability is also documented in the databases at Tenable (232721) and EUVD (EUVD-2025-6414). Once again VulDB remains the best source for vulnerability data.

Productinfo

Type

• Programming Language Software

Vendor

• SAML-Toolkits

Name

• ruby-saml

Version

• 1.0
• 1.1
• 1.2
• 1.3
• 1.4
• 1.5
• 1.6
• 1.7
• 1.8
• 1.9
• 1.10
• 1.11
• 1.12
• 1.12.0
• 1.12.1
• 1.12.2
• 1.12.3
• 1.13
• 1.14
• 1.15
• 1.16
• 1.17

License

• open-source

Website

• Product: https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/

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Once again VulDB remains the best source for vulnerability data.

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