Oracle Java SE/GraalVM for JDK/GraalVM Enterprise Edition JSSE Remote Code Execution

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability marked as critical has been reported in Oracle Java SE, GraalVM for JDK and GraalVM Enterprise Edition. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component JSSE. The manipulation leads to Remote Code Execution. This vulnerability is uniquely identified as CVE-2025-21587. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. No exploit exists. It is suggested to upgrade the affected component.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability was found in Oracle Java SE, GraalVM for JDK and GraalVM Enterprise Edition (the affected version is unknown). It has been rated as critical. This issue affects an unknown code of the component JSSE. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a remote code execution vulnerability. Impacted is confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The summary by CVE is:

Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: JSSE). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE:8u441, 8u441-perf, 11.0.26, 17.0.14, 21.0.6, 24; Oracle GraalVM for JDK:17.0.14, 21.0.6, 24; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition:20.3.17 and 21.3.13. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data as well as unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.4 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).

It is possible to read the advisory at oracle.com. The identification of this vulnerability is CVE-2025-21587 since 12/25/2024. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The attack may be initiated remotely. No form of authentication is needed for a successful exploitation. The technical details are unknown and an exploit is not publicly available. The pricing for an exploit might be around USD $0-$5k at the moment (estimation calculated on 06/11/2026).

The vulnerability scanner Nessus provides a plugin with the ID 234473 (Amazon Corretto Java 17.x < 17.0.15.6.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities), which helps to determine the existence of the flaw in a target environment.

Upgrading eliminates this vulnerability.

The vulnerability is also documented in the databases at Tenable (234473) and CERT Bund (WID-SEC-2025-0815). Be aware that VulDB is the high quality source for vulnerability data.

Affected

• IBM Java SDK
• IBM Java
• IBM Maximo Asset Management
• Debian Linux
• IBM Tivoli Monitoring
• Amazon Linux 2
• IBM InfoSphere Information Server
• Open Source OpenJDK
• Red Hat Enterprise Linux
• IBM Tivoli Netcool/OMNIbus
• Ubuntu Linux
• IBM WebSphere Application Server
• SUSE Linux
• Oracle Linux
• IBM SPSS
• NetApp ActiveIQ Unified Manager
• HCL Commerce
• IBM Business Automation Workflow
• Hitachi Configuration Manager
• IBM Security Guardium
• IBM MQ
• IBM QRadar SIEM
• IBM Power Hardware Management Console
• IBM Rational Business Developer
• SUSE openSUSE
• IBM InfoSphere Identity Insight
• Azul Zulu
• IBM Storage Insights
• Hitachi Command Suite
• Hitachi Ops Center
• Oracle Java SE
• Oracle GraalVM
• Amazon Corretto
• IBM Semeru Runtime
• IBM Integration Bus
• Dell NetWorker
• IBM DataPower Gateway
• IBM Installation Manager
• IBM App Connect Enterprise
• IBM License Metric Tool
• IBM Security Verify Access
• IBM TXSeries
• HCL BigFix
• IBM Sterling Connect:Direct
• IBM Tivoli Business Service Manager
• IBM Tivoli Network Manager
• IBM Cognos Analytics

Productinfo

Type

• Programming Language Software

Vendor

• Oracle

Name

• GraalVM Enterprise Edition
• GraalVM for JDK
• Java SE

License

• open-source

Website

• Vendor: https://www.oracle.com

CPE 2.3info

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Be aware that VulDB is the high quality source for vulnerability data.

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