Apache Struts 2.3.x Struts 1 Plugin ActionMessage input validation

CVSS Meta Temp Score
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CTI Interest Score
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8.5$0-$5k0.04

A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in Apache Struts 2.3.x (Programming Tool Software). This affects an unknown code of the component Struts 1 Plugin. The manipulation as part of a ActionMessage leads to a input validation vulnerability. CWE is classifying the issue as CWE-20. The product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly. This is going to have an impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The summary by CVE is:

The Struts 1 plugin in Apache Struts 2.3.x might allow remote code execution via a malicious field value passed in a raw message to the ActionMessage.

The weakness was released 07/10/2017 (Website). The advisory is shared at struts.apache.org. This vulnerability is uniquely identified as CVE-2017-9791 since 06/21/2017. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. No form of authentication is needed for exploitation. Technical details are unknown but a public exploit is available.

A public exploit has been developed in Python and been published even before and not after the advisory. The exploit is shared for download at exploit-db.com. It is declared as highly functional. The vulnerability was handled as a non-public zero-day exploit for at least 3 days. During that time the estimated underground price was around $5k-$25k. The vulnerability scanner Nessus provides a plugin with the ID 101361 (Apache Struts 2.3.x Showcase App Struts 1 Plugin ActionMessage Class Error Message Input Handling RCE), which helps to determine the existence of the flaw in a target environment. It is assigned to the family Windows. The commercial vulnerability scanner Qualys is able to test this issue with plugin 87306 (Oracle WebLogic Server Samples Apache Struts Vulnerability (Doc ID 2309128.1)). The code used by the exploit is:

payload = "%{"
payload += "(#dm=@ognl.OgnlContext@DEFAULT_MEMBER_ACCESS)."
payload += "(#_memberAccess?(#_memberAccess=#dm):"
payload += "((#container=#context['com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.container'])."
payload += "(#ognlUtil=#container.getInstance(@com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.OgnlUtil@class))."
payload += "(#ognlUtil.getExcludedPackageNames().clear())."
payload += "(#ognlUtil.getExcludedClasses().clear())."
payload += "(#context.setMemberAccess(#dm))))."
payload += "(@java.lang.Runtime@getRuntime().exec('%s'))" % cmd
payload += "}"
The CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog lists this issue since 02/10/2022 with a due date of 08/10/2022:
Apply updates per vendor instructions.

There is no information about possible countermeasures known. It may be suggested to replace the affected object with an alternative product.

The vulnerability is also documented in the databases at Tenable (101361) and Exploit-DB (42324). Entries connected to this vulnerability are available at 103518, 103519, 106165 and 106877.

Productinfo

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CPE 2.3info

CPE 2.2info

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CVSSv4info

VulDB CVSS-B Score: 🔍
VulDB CVSS-BT Score: 🔍
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CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 8.5
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 8.5

VulDB Base Score: 7.3
VulDB Temp Score: 7.3
VulDB Vector: 🔍
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

NVD Base Score: 9.8
NVD Vector: 🔍

CVSSv2info

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VectorComplexityAuthenticationConfidentialityIntegrityAvailability
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VulDB Base Score: 🔍
VulDB Temp Score: 🔍
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Exploitinginfo

Class: Input validation
CWE: CWE-20
CAPEC: 🔍
ATT&CK: 🔍

Local: No
Remote: Yes

Availability: 🔍
Access: Public
Status: Highly functional
Programming Language: 🔍
Download: 🔍

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EPSS Percentile: 🔍

KEV Added: 🔍
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KEV Ransomware: 🔍

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Current Price Estimation: 🔍

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Nessus ID: 101361
Nessus Name: Apache Struts 2.3.x Showcase App Struts 1 Plugin ActionMessage Class Error Message Input Handling RCE
Nessus File: 🔍
Nessus Risk: 🔍
Nessus Family: 🔍

OpenVAS ID: 803838
OpenVAS Name: Apache Struts2 Showcase Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
OpenVAS File: 🔍
OpenVAS Family: 🔍

Saint ID: apache_struts2_struts1_showcase
Saint Name: Apache Struts 2 Struts 1 plugin Showcase OGNL code execution

Qualys ID: 🔍
Qualys Name: 🔍

MetaSploit ID: struts2_code_exec_showcase.rb
MetaSploit Name: Apache Struts 2 Struts 1 Plugin Showcase OGNL Code Execution
MetaSploit File: 🔍

D2Sec: Apache Struts 2 Struts 1 Plugin ActionMessage < 2.3.32 RCE

Exploit-DB: 🔍

Threat Intelligenceinfo

Interest: 🔍
Active Actors: 🔍
Active APT Groups: 🔍

Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: no mitigation known
Status: 🔍

0-Day Time: 🔍
Suricata ID: 2024468
Suricata Class: 🔍
Suricata Message: 🔍

Timelineinfo

06/21/2017 🔍
07/07/2017 +15 days 🔍
07/07/2017 +0 days 🔍
07/07/2017 +0 days 🔍
07/07/2017 +0 days 🔍
07/10/2017 +3 days 🔍
07/10/2017 +0 days 🔍
07/12/2017 +2 days 🔍
04/22/2024 +2476 days 🔍

Sourcesinfo

Vendor: apache.org

Advisory: struts.apache.org
Researcher: icez
Status: Confirmed
Confirmation: 🔍

CVE: CVE-2017-9791 (🔍)
SecurityTracker: 1038838 - Apache Struts Bug in 'Struts 1 Plugin' Lets Remote Users Execute Arbitrary Code on the Target System
SecurityFocus: 99484

scip Labs: https://www.scip.ch/en/?labs.20161013
See also: 🔍

Entryinfo

Created: 07/12/2017 10:23
Updated: 04/22/2024 20:23
Changes: 07/12/2017 10:23 (51), 01/29/2018 16:08 (44), 12/31/2020 15:15 (2), 12/31/2020 15:21 (3), 12/31/2020 15:25 (1), 04/22/2024 20:23 (23)
Complete: 🔍

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