CVE-2007-4814 in SQL Server
Summary
by MITRE
Buffer overflow in the SQLServer ActiveX control in the Distributed Management Objects OLE DLL (sqldmo.dll) 2000.085.2004.00 in Microsoft SQL Server Enterprise Manager 8.05.2004 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long second argument to the Start method.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/05/2025
The vulnerability described in CVE-2007-4814 represents a critical buffer overflow condition within the SQLServer ActiveX control component of Microsoft SQL Server Enterprise Manager. This flaw exists specifically within the Distributed Management Objects OLE DLL (sqldmo.dll) version 2000.085.2004.00, which is part of the broader SQL Server 8.05.2004 software ecosystem. The vulnerability manifests when the Start method receives a second argument that exceeds the allocated buffer size, creating an exploitable condition that can be leveraged by remote attackers to gain unauthorized code execution privileges.
The technical nature of this buffer overflow stems from insufficient input validation within the ActiveX control implementation. When a maliciously crafted second argument is passed to the Start method, the control fails to properly bounds-check the input data before copying it into a fixed-size buffer located in memory. This fundamental flaw in memory management creates a situation where excess data can overwrite adjacent memory locations, potentially corrupting program execution flow or allowing attackers to inject and execute arbitrary code. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it operates through an ActiveX control interface, which means it can be triggered when users browse to web pages containing malicious content or when the control is invoked through automated processes.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution, as it provides attackers with a pathway to compromise entire SQL Server environments. The remote exploitation capability means that adversaries do not require local system access or credentials to exploit the vulnerability, making it particularly attractive for widespread attacks. Successful exploitation could result in complete system compromise, data theft, privilege escalation, or the installation of persistent backdoors. The vulnerability affects Microsoft SQL Server Enterprise Manager 8.05.2004 specifically, but the underlying architectural flaw in the sqldmo.dll component could potentially impact other versions or applications that utilize the same vulnerable ActiveX control. This makes the vulnerability particularly concerning for organizations running legacy SQL Server installations or those that have not properly updated their systems.
Security practitioners should recognize this vulnerability as mapping to CWE-121, which describes heap-based buffer overflow conditions, and it aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for command and scripting interpreter. The attack surface is significantly expanded due to the ActiveX control's integration with web browsers and the potential for social engineering attacks. Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including disabling ActiveX controls in web browsers, applying Microsoft security patches, and conducting thorough vulnerability assessments of SQL Server installations. Network segmentation and access controls should be strengthened to limit potential lateral movement if exploitation occurs. Regular security monitoring and log analysis become critical for detecting unauthorized access attempts or successful compromise indicators. The vulnerability underscores the importance of maintaining up-to-date security patches and demonstrates how legacy software components can present ongoing security risks even after initial deployment.