CVE-2022-47100 in Smart Bulb
Summary
by MITRE • 01/26/2023
A vulnerability in Sengled Smart bulb 0x0000024 allows attackers to arbitrarily perform a factory reset on the device via a crafted IEEE 802.15.4 frame.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/23/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-47100 affects Sengled Smart bulb devices operating under the 0x0000024 firmware version, representing a critical security flaw that enables remote attackers to execute unauthorized factory resets through manipulation of IEEE 802.15.4 wireless frames. This issue resides within the device's Zigbee communication protocol implementation and demonstrates a fundamental weakness in the authentication and authorization mechanisms governing device configuration changes. The vulnerability specifically targets the device's handling of wireless management frames, where insufficient input validation allows malicious actors to craft and transmit specially formatted frames that trigger the factory reset process. This flaw operates at the network layer of the device's communication stack, bypassing traditional user authentication mechanisms and directly exploiting the underlying wireless protocol implementation.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs through the manipulation of IEEE 802.15.4 frames, which are standard wireless communication packets used in Zigbee networks. Attackers can construct malicious frames containing specific command sequences that the Sengled bulb interprets as legitimate factory reset instructions, regardless of the sender's authorization status. The vulnerability stems from inadequate frame validation and command parsing within the device firmware, where the system fails to properly authenticate the source of management commands or verify their legitimacy. This weakness aligns with CWE-20, representing improper input validation, and specifically manifests as a lack of proper access control measures. The attack vector requires only wireless network proximity to the device, making it particularly dangerous as it can be executed remotely within the device's wireless range without requiring physical access or complex network infiltration techniques.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple device disruption to encompass significant security implications for smart home environments. A successful exploitation results in complete device reconfiguration, erasing all user settings including network credentials, scheduling configurations, and custom lighting profiles. This renders the device temporarily unusable until reconfiguration is completed, potentially disrupting automated home systems and creating security gaps where devices become unresponsive to user commands. The vulnerability particularly affects smart home ecosystems where multiple Sengled bulbs operate together, as unauthorized factory resets could cascade through interconnected devices, potentially compromising the entire lighting system. From an attacker perspective, this vulnerability provides a means to disable device functionality while maintaining network visibility, enabling further reconnaissance or creating a persistent security gap where the device can be repeatedly reset to gain continued access.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2022-47100 should focus on both immediate protective measures and long-term architectural improvements. Immediate actions include implementing network segmentation to isolate smart home devices from primary network infrastructure, deploying wireless intrusion detection systems to monitor for unauthorized management frames, and establishing regular firmware update protocols to address known vulnerabilities. Device manufacturers should enhance their implementation by adding robust frame authentication mechanisms, implementing cryptographic signatures on management commands, and establishing proper access control lists for wireless frame processing. The solution aligns with ATT&CK technique T1566, representing malicious file execution through wireless protocols, and requires defensive measures similar to those recommended for preventing unauthorized device provisioning. Network administrators should consider implementing wireless network monitoring tools that can detect and alert on suspicious IEEE 802.15.4 frame patterns, while users should maintain awareness of their device network presence and regularly verify device configurations to detect unauthorized changes. The vulnerability highlights the importance of secure firmware design principles and proper input validation in IoT device implementations, particularly for wireless communication protocols where physical security boundaries may be compromised.