CVE-2025-0565 in ZZCMS
Summary
by MITRE • 01/19/2025
A vulnerability was found in ZZCMS 2023. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /index.php. The manipulation of the argument id leads to sql injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/19/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-0565 represents a critical sql injection flaw in ZZCMS 2023 software, specifically within the /index.php file. This vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and sanitization of the id parameter, creating a dangerous pathway for malicious actors to manipulate database queries. The flaw exists in the application's core functionality where user-supplied input is directly incorporated into sql statements without proper escaping or parameterization. Security researchers have classified this issue as critical due to its potential for widespread exploitation and the severity of impact it can have on affected systems. The vulnerability's remote exploitation capability means that attackers can leverage this flaw from external networks without requiring physical access to the target system. This characteristic significantly expands the attack surface and makes the vulnerability particularly dangerous in internet-facing applications. The disclosure of exploit details to the public community has further elevated the risk level, as malicious actors now have readily available tools to target vulnerable installations. The sql injection vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary sql commands against the underlying database, potentially leading to complete system compromise, data exfiltration, or unauthorized access to sensitive information. This type of vulnerability falls under CWE-89 which specifically addresses sql injection flaws in software applications. The attack vector is particularly concerning as it leverages standard web application interfaces where users expect normal input handling. The exploitability of this vulnerability has been confirmed through public disclosure, indicating that security researchers and malicious actors alike have successfully demonstrated the capability to exploit this flaw. This situation creates an urgent need for system administrators to implement immediate remediation measures to protect their infrastructure from potential exploitation.
The operational impact of CVE-2025-0565 extends far beyond simple data corruption or unauthorized access. Successful exploitation of this sql injection vulnerability can result in complete database compromise, allowing attackers to extract sensitive information including user credentials, personal data, financial records, and proprietary business information. The remote nature of the attack means that organizations cannot rely on network segmentation or firewall rules to protect against this specific threat vector. Database administrators face the additional challenge of identifying compromised systems and determining the extent of data exposure. The vulnerability's presence in the core index.php file suggests that the attack could potentially affect fundamental application functionality, possibly leading to service disruption or complete application failure. Organizations using ZZCMS 2023 may experience cascading effects from this vulnerability, as sql injection attacks often provide attackers with multiple pathways for further system exploration and privilege escalation. The attack can be automated and scaled, making it particularly dangerous for organizations with multiple instances of the vulnerable software. Security monitoring systems may struggle to detect malicious sql injection attempts without specific signature-based detection mechanisms, as the attack traffic can appear as legitimate database interactions. The public availability of exploit code increases the likelihood of automated scanning and exploitation attempts across internet-connected systems, creating a heightened threat environment for all affected organizations.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-0565 must be implemented immediately to address the critical security risk. The primary remediation approach involves updating the ZZCMS 2023 software to the latest version that contains patches for this specific sql injection vulnerability. System administrators should prioritize patch management processes to ensure all affected installations receive the necessary security updates. Input validation and sanitization measures must be strengthened throughout the application, particularly for the id parameter handling in the /index.php file. Implementing proper parameterized queries or prepared statements will eliminate the sql injection risk by separating sql code from user input data. Network-level protections such as web application firewalls should be deployed to monitor and filter suspicious sql injection attempts targeting the vulnerable parameter. Regular security audits and penetration testing should be conducted to identify additional vulnerabilities that may exist within the application. Access controls and database permissions should be reviewed to minimize the potential impact of successful exploitation attempts. Organizations should implement comprehensive monitoring solutions to detect anomalous database activity that may indicate sql injection attacks. The principle of least privilege should be enforced by ensuring that database accounts used by the application have minimal necessary permissions. Security teams should establish incident response procedures specifically tailored to address sql injection vulnerabilities and coordinate with relevant stakeholders for rapid remediation. Regular vulnerability assessments should be conducted to identify similar issues in other applications and systems within the organization's infrastructure. The implementation of automated security scanning tools can help detect and remediate similar vulnerabilities across the entire software ecosystem, reducing the overall attack surface for sql injection threats.