CVE-2025-44843 in CA600-PoE
Summary
by MITRE • 05/01/2025
TOTOLINK CA600-PoE V5.3c.6665_B20180820 was found to contain a command injection vulnerability in the CloudSrvUserdataVersionCheck function via the url parameter. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted request.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/25/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-44843 affects the TOTOLINK CA600-PoE V5.3c.6665_B20180820 device firmware, representing a critical command injection flaw within the CloudSrvUserdataVersionCheck function. This issue arises from insufficient input validation and sanitization mechanisms when processing the url parameter, creating an avenue for malicious actors to inject and execute arbitrary commands on the affected device. The vulnerability exists at the application layer where user-supplied data is directly incorporated into system commands without proper sanitization, violating fundamental security principles for input handling and command execution.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs through the manipulation of the url parameter within the CloudSrvUserdataVersionCheck function, which serves as an entry point for attackers to inject malicious payloads. When the firmware processes the crafted request containing command injection sequences, it fails to properly validate or escape the input before incorporating it into system commands, leading to unauthorized command execution. This flaw aligns with CWE-77 and CWE-94 categories, specifically addressing command injection vulnerabilities where untrusted data is used in command construction without proper sanitization. The attack vector demonstrates characteristics consistent with the ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for command and script injection, enabling adversaries to execute arbitrary code on the target device.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple command execution, as it provides attackers with potential access to the underlying operating system of the network device. Successful exploitation could allow threat actors to gain unauthorized access to the device's administrative functions, modify network configurations, install malicious software, or establish persistence mechanisms within the network infrastructure. The affected device operates as a network access point with PoE capabilities, making it a strategic target for attackers seeking to compromise network security and potentially escalate privileges within the local network environment. This vulnerability particularly impacts enterprise and home network infrastructures where such devices serve as critical access points for network connectivity.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-44843 should prioritize immediate firmware updates from TOTOLINK, as the vendor is likely to release patches addressing the command injection vulnerability. Network administrators should implement network segmentation and access controls to limit exposure of affected devices to untrusted networks, while monitoring for suspicious network traffic patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. Additional protective measures include deploying intrusion detection systems capable of identifying command injection patterns and implementing web application firewalls to filter malicious requests targeting the vulnerable url parameter. The remediation process should also involve comprehensive network audits to identify and isolate potentially compromised devices, while establishing baseline configurations that minimize the attack surface of network infrastructure devices. Security teams must also consider implementing network monitoring solutions that can detect anomalous command execution patterns and establish incident response procedures specifically addressing device compromise scenarios involving command injection vulnerabilities.