CVE-2025-5156 in GR-5400AX
Summary
by MITRE • 05/26/2025
A vulnerability was found in H3C GR-5400AX up to 100R008 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function EditWlanMacList of the file /routing/goform/aspForm. The manipulation of the argument param leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/26/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-5156 represents a critical buffer overflow flaw within H3C GR-5400AX network equipment running firmware versions up to 100R008. This issue resides in the EditWlanMacList function of the /routing/goform/aspForm file, which processes user-supplied parameters through the param argument. The buffer overflow occurs when the system fails to properly validate or limit the size of input data, creating an exploitable condition that can be leveraged by remote attackers. The vulnerability's classification as critical stems from its potential to allow arbitrary code execution and complete system compromise, making it a significant threat to network infrastructure security.
The technical exploitation of this buffer overflow vulnerability follows established patterns that align with CWE-121, which describes buffer overflow conditions where insufficient bounds checking allows attackers to overwrite adjacent memory locations. The attack vector is remote, meaning malicious actors can trigger the vulnerability without physical access to the device, making it particularly dangerous in network environments where such equipment is exposed to external traffic. The disclosed exploit demonstrates how an attacker can manipulate the param argument to overflow the allocated buffer, potentially leading to stack corruption, memory overwrite, and ultimately full system control. This type of vulnerability directly maps to ATT&CK technique T1203, which covers exploitation for privilege escalation through buffer overflow attacks.
The operational impact of CVE-2025-5156 extends beyond immediate system compromise to encompass broader network security implications. Organizations relying on H3C GR-5400AX devices for wireless network management face potential unauthorized access to their entire wireless infrastructure, including the ability to modify MAC address lists, potentially enabling man-in-the-middle attacks or unauthorized device access. The lack of vendor response to early disclosure notifications creates additional security risk as organizations cannot rely on official patches or mitigations. This vulnerability particularly affects enterprise and institutional networks where wireless access points are critical components of network infrastructure, potentially allowing attackers to establish persistent access points or disrupt network operations entirely.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-5156 should prioritize immediate network segmentation and access control measures to limit the attack surface. Organizations should implement network monitoring to detect anomalous traffic patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts, particularly focusing on unusual requests to the /routing/goform/aspForm endpoint. The most effective long-term solution involves upgrading to firmware versions that address this vulnerability, though the vendor's lack of response necessitates additional defensive measures. Network administrators should also consider disabling unnecessary web management interfaces and implementing strict firewall rules to restrict access to affected devices. The vulnerability highlights the importance of maintaining up-to-date network equipment and establishing robust vendor communication channels for security vulnerability management, as the absence of vendor response creates a dangerous gap in security coverage that organizations must address through alternative defensive measures.