CVE-2025-5157 in SecCenter SMP-E1114P02
Summary
by MITRE • 05/26/2025
A vulnerability was found in H3C SecCenter SMP-E1114P02 up to 20250513. It has been classified as critical. This affects the function fileContent of the file /cfgFile/fileContent. The manipulation of the argument filePath leads to path traversal. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/26/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-5157 represents a critical path traversal flaw within the H3C SecCenter SMP-E1114P02 system, specifically affecting versions up to 20250513. This security weakness resides in the fileContent function of the /cfgFile/fileContent endpoint, where improper validation of the filePath argument creates an exploitable condition that allows unauthorized access to arbitrary files on the system. The vulnerability's classification as critical indicates its potential for severe impact on system integrity and data confidentiality, particularly given that it can be exploited remotely without requiring authentication or elevated privileges.
The technical nature of this flaw aligns with CWE-22, which defines path traversal or directory traversal vulnerabilities that occur when application input is not properly validated before being used to access files or directories. In this case, the filePath parameter accepts user-supplied input that is not adequately sanitized or restricted, enabling attackers to manipulate the file path and access files outside the intended directory structure. The remote exploitation capability means that an attacker can leverage this vulnerability from outside the network perimeter, potentially accessing sensitive configuration files, system credentials, or other confidential data stored within the device's file system.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple unauthorized file access, as it could enable attackers to extract critical system information, modify configuration files, or potentially escalate privileges within the affected system. The lack of vendor response to early disclosure attempts suggests a potential gap in the security update process, leaving affected organizations without official patches or mitigation guidance during the vulnerability's active window. This vulnerability directly maps to several tactics in the MITRE ATT&CK framework including T1083 (File and Directory Discovery) and T1566 (Phishing), as attackers could use the path traversal to gather intelligence about the system or gain access to sensitive configuration data that could be used for further attacks.
Organizations utilizing affected H3C SecCenter SMP-E1114P02 devices should immediately implement network segmentation to limit access to the vulnerable endpoint, disable unnecessary file access functionality, and consider implementing web application firewalls to filter malicious path traversal attempts. The absence of vendor response necessitates proactive defensive measures including monitoring network traffic for suspicious file access patterns, implementing strict input validation at network boundaries, and maintaining detailed audit logs of file system access attempts. Security teams should also consider conducting comprehensive vulnerability assessments of their network infrastructure to identify other potentially affected devices or systems that might share similar architectural weaknesses or configuration issues.