CVE-2025-70841 in Multi-Tenancy Based eCommerce Platform SaaS
Summary
by MITRE • 02/03/2026
Dokans Multi-Tenancy Based eCommerce Platform SaaS 3.9.2 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to obtain sensitive application configuration data via direct request to /script/.env file. The exposed file contains Laravel application encryption key (APP_KEY), database credentials, SMTP/SendGrid API credentials, and internal configuration parameters, enabling complete system compromise including authentication bypass via session token forgery, direct database access to all tenant data, and email infrastructure takeover. Due to the multi-tenancy architecture, this vulnerability affects all tenants in the system.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/11/2026
This vulnerability exists in Dokans Multi-Tenancy Based eCommerce Platform SaaS version 3.9.2 where an unauthenticated remote attacker can directly access the sensitive configuration file located at /script/.env. The exposed file contains critical application secrets including the Laravel application encryption key (APP_KEY) which serves as the foundation for cryptographic operations within the application. The vulnerability represents a classic case of insecure direct object reference as described in CWE-22, where the application fails to properly validate access to sensitive resources. The exposure of database credentials within this file provides attackers with direct access to all tenant databases, while the SMTP and SendGrid API credentials enable email infrastructure takeover and potential phishing attacks. The multi-tenancy architecture of the platform amplifies the impact significantly since compromising a single configuration file exposes data from all tenants within the system, creating a widespread breach scenario.
The technical flaw stems from improper access control mechanisms and insecure file serving configurations within the application's web server setup. The /script/.env file should never be accessible via direct HTTP requests as it contains application secrets that are typically stored in environment variables or protected configuration files. This vulnerability allows for complete system compromise through multiple attack vectors including session token forgery, where the APP_KEY can be used to forge authentication tokens and bypass access controls. The exposure of database credentials enables attackers to perform direct database queries, potentially leading to data exfiltration, modification, or deletion across all tenant databases. Additionally, the SMTP and SendGrid API credentials can be leveraged for email spoofing, spam campaigns, or further phishing attacks against users within the platform.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe and multifaceted across the entire multi-tenancy platform. Attackers can simultaneously compromise all tenant data, potentially affecting thousands of businesses and their customers, leading to massive data breaches and regulatory compliance violations. The ability to forge authentication tokens undermines the entire security model of the platform, allowing unauthorized access to administrative functions and user accounts. Database access enables comprehensive data exfiltration including customer information, payment details, and business-critical data that could result in financial losses, reputational damage, and legal consequences. The email infrastructure takeover creates opportunities for social engineering attacks and can damage the platform's credibility with email service providers, potentially leading to blacklisting of the platform's email sending capabilities.
Mitigation strategies must address both immediate remediation and long-term architectural improvements to prevent similar vulnerabilities. The most critical immediate action is to restrict access to sensitive configuration files through proper web server configuration, ensuring that files with extensions like .env are not accessible via HTTP requests. Implementing proper authentication and authorization checks for all application endpoints prevents unauthorized access to sensitive resources. The platform should adopt the principle of least privilege by ensuring that only authorized personnel can access configuration files through secure administrative interfaces. Regular security audits should be conducted to identify and remediate similar misconfigurations across the application stack. Organizations should also implement proper environment variable management practices, ensuring that secrets are never hardcoded in source files and are instead managed through secure secret management systems. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1566 for credential access and T1071 for application layer protocol usage, highlighting the need for comprehensive security controls across multiple attack vectors. The incident should trigger immediate notification to all tenants and implementation of security monitoring to detect potential exploitation attempts.