WPA2 STK Key KRACK nonce re-use

CVSS Meta Temp Score
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CTI Interest Score
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5.4$0-$5k0.00

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability was found in WPA2 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component STK Key Handler. Such manipulation leads to nonce re-use (KRACK). This vulnerability is listed as CVE-2017-13084. The attack can be executed directly on the physical device. There is no available exploit. This vulnerability has a historic impact due to its background and reception. It is suggested to upgrade the affected component.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability was found in WPA2 (the affected version is unknown) and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is an unknown code of the component STK Key Handler. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a nonce re-use vulnerability (KRACK). Using CWE to declare the problem leads to CWE-323. Nonces should be used for the present occasion and only once. Impacted is confidentiality, integrity, and availability. CVE summarizes:

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA and WPA2) allows reinstallation of the Station-To-Station-Link (STSL) Transient Key (STK) during the PeerKey handshake, allowing an attacker within radio range to replay, decrypt, or spoof frames.

The bug was discovered 10/16/2017. The weakness was presented 10/16/2017 by Mathy Vanhoef as confirmed paper (Website). The advisory is shared for download at papers.mathyvanhoef.com. The public release happened without coordination with the vendor. The paper contains:

Our research paper behind the attack is titled Key Reinstallation Attacks: Forcing Nonce Reuse in WPA2 and will be presented at the Computer and Communications Security (CCS) conference on Wednesday 1 November 2017.
This vulnerability is handled as CVE-2017-13084 since 08/22/2017. The attack needs to be approached locally. No form of authentication is required for exploitation. There are neither technical details nor an exploit publicly available. The current price for an exploit might be approx. USD $0-$5k (estimation calculated on 01/03/2023). The MITRE ATT&CK project declares the attack technique as T1600.001. This vulnerability has a historic impact due to its background and reception. The advisory points out:
We discovered serious weaknesses in WPA2, a protocol that secures all modern protected Wi-Fi networks. An attacker within range of a victim can exploit these weaknesses using key reinstallation attacks (KRACKs). Concretely, attackers can use this novel attack technique to read information that was previously assumed to be safely encrypted. This can be abused to steal sensitive information such as credit card numbers, passwords, chat messages, emails, photos, and so on. The attack works against all modern protected Wi-Fi networks. Depending on the network configuration, it is also possible to inject and manipulate data. For example, an attacker might be able to inject ransomware or other malware into websites.

As 0-day the estimated underground price was around $0-$5k. The vulnerability scanner Nessus provides a plugin with the ID 103856 (Cisco ASA FirePOWER Services Multiple Vulnerabilities in Wi-Fi Protected Access and Wi-Fi Protected Access II (KRACK)), which helps to determine the existence of the flaw in a target environment. It is assigned to the family CISCO and running in the context l. The commercial vulnerability scanner Qualys is able to test this issue with plugin 43559 (HPE ArubaOS WPA2 Key Reinstallation (KRACKs Attack) Vulnerabilities (ARUBA-PSA-2017-007)). The advisory illustrates:

As a proof-of-concept we executed a key reinstallation attack against an Android smartphone. In this demonstration, the attacker is able to decrypt all data that the victim transmits. For an attacker this is easy to accomplish, because our key reinstallation attack is exceptionally devastating against Linux and Android 6.0 or higher.

Upgrading eliminates this vulnerability. A possible mitigation has been published immediately after the disclosure of the vulnerability.

The vulnerability is also documented in the databases at Tenable (103856) and SecurityFocus (BID 101274†). krackattacks.com is providing further details. See VDB-107882, VDB-107883, VDB-107884 and VDB-107885 for similar entries. VulDB is the best source for vulnerability data and more expert information about this specific topic.

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CPE 2.3info

CPE 2.2info

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CVSSv4info

VulDB Vector: 🔍
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CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 5.5
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 5.4

VulDB Base Score: 4.3
VulDB Temp Score: 4.1
VulDB Vector: 🔍
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

NVD Base Score: 6.8
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CVSSv2info

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Exploitinginfo

Name: KRACK
Class: Nonce re-use / KRACK
CWE: CWE-323
CAPEC: 🔍
ATT&CK: 🔍

Physical: Yes
Local: Yes
Remote: Partially

Availability: 🔍
Status: Not defined

EPSS Score: 🔍
EPSS Percentile: 🔍

Price Prediction: 🔍
Current Price Estimation: 🔍

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Nessus ID: 103856
Nessus Name: Cisco ASA FirePOWER Services Multiple Vulnerabilities in Wi-Fi Protected Access and Wi-Fi Protected Access II (KRACK)
Nessus File: 🔍
Nessus Risk: 🔍
Nessus Family: 🔍
Nessus Context: 🔍

OpenVAS ID: 103115
OpenVAS Name: MikroTik RouterOS WPA2 Key Reinstallation Vulnerabilities - KRACK
OpenVAS File: 🔍
OpenVAS Family: 🔍

Qualys ID: 🔍
Qualys Name: 🔍

Threat Intelligenceinfo

Interest: 🔍
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Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: Upgrade
Status: 🔍

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Timelineinfo

08/22/2017 🔍
10/16/2017 +55 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/17/2017 +1 days 🔍
01/03/2023 +1904 days 🔍

Sourcesinfo

Advisory: ssa-901333
Researcher: Mathy Vanhoef
Status: Confirmed
Confirmation: 🔍

CVE: CVE-2017-13084 (🔍)
GCVE (CVE): GCVE-0-2017-13084
GCVE (VulDB): GCVE-100-107888
CERT: 🔍
SecurityFocus: 101274 - WPA2 Key Reinstallation Multiple Security Weaknesses
SecurityTracker: 1039576

Misc.: 🔍
See also: 🔍

Entryinfo

Created: 10/16/2017 18:10
Updated: 01/03/2023 16:32
Changes: 10/16/2017 18:10 (81), 11/25/2019 15:14 (7), 01/17/2021 08:18 (3), 01/03/2023 16:32 (3)
Complete: 🔍
Cache ID: 216::103

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