Dark Caracal Analysis

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IOB - Indicator of Behavior (354)

Timeline

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Lang

en	274
zh	64
es	6
ru	4
de	4

Country

LA: Laos	240
CN: China	32
US: USA	28
CZ: Czech Republic	26
MY: Malaysia	20

Actors

Cobalt Strike	13
Ave Maria	7
RedLine Stealer	7
Dark Caracal	6
AsyncRAT	6

Activities

Interest

Timeline

Type

Not Defined	104
Content Management System	42
WordPress Plugin	20
Operating System	14
Programming Language Software	10

Vendor

Not Defined	136
Microsoft	14
Apache	10
Joomla	6
Revive	6

Product

Microsoft Windows	8
WordPress	8
Joomla CMS	6
Revive Adserver	6
Linux Kernel	6

Vulnerabilities

#	Vulnerability	Base	Temp	0day	Today	Exp	Rem	EPSS	CTI	CVE
1	TikiWiki tiki-register.php input validation	7.3	6.6	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Proof-of-Concept	Official Fix	0.01075	2.09	CVE-2006-6168
2	Synacor Zimbra Collaboration mboximport pathname traversal	4.7	4.5	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	High	Official Fix	0.94758	0.00	CVE-2022-27925
3	DEXT5 DEXT5Upload dext5handler.jsp unrestricted upload	8.5	8.5	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Not Defined	0.01942	0.00	CVE-2020-13442
4	DEXT5Upload dext5handler.jsp pathname traversal	4.3	4.3	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Not Defined	0.00503	0.07	CVE-2020-35362
5	Tiki Admin Password tiki-login.php improper authentication	8.0	7.7	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Official Fix	0.00936	9.43	CVE-2020-15906
6	CodeIgniter old deserialization	6.6	6.5	$0-$5k	Calculating	Not Defined	Official Fix	0.09990	0.05	CVE-2022-21647
7	AWStats awstats.pl pathname traversal	5.5	5.5	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Not Defined	0.00499	0.06	CVE-2020-35176
8	LogicBoard CMS away.php redirect	6.3	6.1	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Unavailable	0.00000	2.15
9	DZCP deV!L`z Clanportal config.php code injection	7.3	6.6	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Proof-of-Concept	Official Fix	0.00943	1.67	CVE-2010-0966
10	nginx request smuggling	6.9	6.9	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Not Defined	0.00241	2.45	CVE-2020-12440
11	FasterXML jackson-databind input validation	9.8	9.2	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Official Fix	0.00410	0.04	CVE-2019-14540
12	Liferay Portal privileges management	9.8	8.8	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Proof-of-Concept	Official Fix	0.00995	0.04	CVE-2011-1571
13	Matomo Plugin cross site scripting	4.8	4.7	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Not Defined	0.00043	0.05	CVE-2023-6923
14	SPIP spip.php cross site scripting	3.5	3.4	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Official Fix	0.00132	0.66	CVE-2022-28959
15	Drupal Sanitization API cross site scripting	3.5	3.4	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Official Fix	0.00056	0.04	CVE-2020-13672
16	LiteSpeed Cache Plugin Shortcode cross site scripting	3.5	3.4	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Not Defined	0.00051	0.00	CVE-2023-4372
17	WebTitan Appliance Extensions Persistent cross site scripting	3.5	3.4	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Not Defined	0.00000	0.00
18	ipTIME NAS-I Bulletin Manage unrestricted upload	7.1	7.1	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Not Defined	0.00988	0.06	CVE-2020-7847
19	request-baskets API Request {name} server-side request forgery	6.4	6.4	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Not Defined	0.09430	0.05	CVE-2023-27163
20	PHP phpinfo cross site scripting	4.3	3.9	$5k-$25k	$0-$5k	Proof-of-Concept	Official Fix	0.01744	0.00	CVE-2007-1287

IOC - Indicator of Compromise (9)

These indicators of compromise highlight associated network ressources which are known to be part of research and attack activities.

ID	IP address	Hostname	Actor	Identified	Type	Confidence
1	74.208.167.252		Dark Caracal	12/16/2020	verified	Low
2	77.78.103.41	assigned-77-78-103-41.dc3.cz	Dark Caracal	12/16/2020	verified	Low
3	XXX.XX.XXX.XX	xxxxx.xxxxxxxx.xxxx	Xxxx Xxxxxxx	12/16/2020	verified	Low
4	XXX.XX.XXX.XX	xxxxxxx.xxxxx.xx	Xxxx Xxxxxxx	12/16/2020	verified	Low
5	XXX.XX.XXX.XXX	xxxxx.xxxxxxxxxxxxx.xxx	Xxxx Xxxxxxx	12/16/2020	verified	Low
6	XXX.XX.XXX.XXX	xxxxxxx.xxxxx.xx	Xxxx Xxxxxxx	12/16/2020	verified	Low
7	XXX.XX.XXX.XXX	xxxxxxx.xxxxx.xx	Xxxx Xxxxxxx	12/16/2020	verified	Low
8	XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX		Xxxx Xxxxxxx	12/16/2020	verified	Low
9	XXX.XXX.XXX.XX		Xxxx Xxxxxxx	12/16/2020	verified	Low

TTP - Tactics, Techniques, Procedures (20)

Tactics, techniques, and procedures summarize the suspected MITRE ATT&CK techniques used. This data is unique as it uses our predictive model for actor profiling.

ID	Technique	Class	Vulnerabilities	Access Vector	Type	Confidence
1	T1006	CAPEC-126	CWE-21, CWE-22, CWE-24	Path Traversal	predictive	High
2	T1055	CAPEC-10	CWE-74	Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions	predictive	High
3	T1059	CAPEC-137	CWE-88, CWE-94, CWE-1321	Argument Injection	predictive	High
4	T1059.007	CAPEC-209	CWE-79, CWE-80	Cross Site Scripting	predictive	High
5	TXXXX	CAPEC-122	CWE-XXX, CWE-XXX, CWE-XXX	Xxxxxxxxx Xxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
6	TXXXX.XXX	CAPEC-16	CWE-XXX, CWE-XXX	Xxxx-xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
7	TXXXX	CAPEC-136	CWE-XX, CWE-XX	Xxxxxxx Xxxxx Xx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
8	TXXXX.XXX	CAPEC-178	CWE-XXX	Xxxx Xxxxxxxx	predictive	High
9	TXXXX	CAPEC-	CWE-XXX	7xx Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxx	predictive	High
10	TXXXX	CAPEC-1	CWE-XXX, CWE-XXX	Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxx	predictive	High
11	TXXXX	CAPEC-108	CWE-XX	Xxx Xxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
12	TXXXX.XXX	CAPEC-1	CWE-XXX	Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
13	TXXXX	CAPEC-112	CWE-XXX	Xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
14	TXXXX	CAPEC-38	CWE-XXX	Xxxxxxxxx Xxxxxx Xxxx	predictive	High
15	TXXXX.XXX	CAPEC-459	CWE-XXX	Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
16	TXXXX	CAPEC-116	CWE-XXX, CWE-XXX	Xxxxxxxxxx Xx Xxxxxxx Xxxxx Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
17	TXXXX.XXX	CAPEC-	CWE-XX	Xxxxxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
18	TXXXX	CAPEC-112	CWE-XXX	Xxxxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxx	predictive	High
19	TXXXX.XXX	CAPEC-	CWE-XXX	Xxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxx	predictive	High
20	TXXXX.XXX	CAPEC-1	CWE-XXX	Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx Xx Xxxxxxxx Xxxx Xxxxxxxxx	predictive	High

IOA - Indicator of Attack (169)

These indicators of attack list the potential fragments used for technical activities like reconnaissance, exploitation, privilege escalation, and exfiltration. This data is unique as it uses our predictive model for actor profiling.

ID	Class	Indicator	Type	Confidence
1	File	/admin/dl_sendmail.php	predictive	High
2	File	/admin/index2.html	predictive	High
3	File	/adminPage/conf/reload	predictive	High
4	File	/api/baskets/{name}	predictive	High
5	File	/api/v2/cli/commands	predictive	High
6	File	/apply.cgi	predictive	Medium
7	File	/dede/sys_sql_query.php	predictive	High
8	File	/Device/Device/GetDeviceInfoList?deviceCode=&searchField=&deviceState=	predictive	High
9	File	/DXR.axd	predictive	Medium
10	File	/forum/away.php	predictive	High
11	File	/mfsNotice/page	predictive	High
12	File	/novel/bookSetting/list	predictive	High
13	File	/novel/userFeedback/list	predictive	High
14	File	/owa/auth/logon.aspx	predictive	High
15	File	/register.php	predictive	High
16	File	/spip.php	predictive	Medium
17	File	/usr/bin/pkexec	predictive	High
18	File	/x_portal_assemble_surface/jaxrs/portal/list?v=8.2.3-4-43f4fe3	predictive	High
19	File	/zm/index.php	predictive	High
20	File	adclick.php	predictive	Medium
21	File	xxxxx.xxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
22	File	xxxxx/xxxx-xxxxxxx/xxxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
23	File	xxxxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxx/xxxxx/xxxxx/xxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
24	File	xxxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
25	File	xxxxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
26	File	xxxxxxx.xx	predictive	Medium
27	File	xxxx/xxxxxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
28	File	xxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
29	File	xx_xxxx_xx_xxxx_xxxx.xxx	predictive	High
30	File	xxxx_xxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
31	File	xxx-xxx/xxxxxxx.xx	predictive	High
32	File	xxxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
33	File	xxxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx/xxxx_xxxxx.xxxx	predictive	High
34	File	xxxxx-xxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
35	File	xxxxxxxxxx/xxx_xxxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxx/xxxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
36	File	xxxxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
37	File	xxxxxxxxxx\xxxx.xxx	predictive	High
38	File	xxxxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
39	File	xxxx/xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
40	File	xxxxxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
41	File	xxxx-xxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
42	File	xxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
43	File	xxxxxxxxxxx.xxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
44	File	xxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
45	File	xxxxx_xxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
46	File	xxxxx_xxxx.xxx	predictive	High
47	File	xxxxxxxxxx\xxxxxx\xxxxxxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
48	File	xxxxxxx/xxxxxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
49	File	xxx/xxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
50	File	xxxxxxxx/xxxxxxx/xxxxxxx.xxxx.xxx	predictive	High
51	File	xxxxx.xxxx	predictive	Medium
52	File	xxxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
53	File	xxxxx.xxx/xxxxxx.xxx/xxxxxxxxxxxxx.xxx/xxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
54	File	xxxxx.xxx?x=xxxx&x=xxxx&x=xx_xxx_xxxxxx	predictive	High
55	File	xxxxx.xxx?x=xxxx&x=xxxxxxx&x=xxx	predictive	High
56	File	xxx.x	predictive	Low
57	File	xxxx_xxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
58	File	xx/xxx/xxxxxxxx/xxx_xxxxxxxxx/xxx_xxxxxxxx_xxxxx/_/xxxxxxx_xxx	predictive	High
59	File	xxxxx.xxxx	predictive	Medium
60	File	xxxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
61	File	xxxx.xxxx	predictive	Medium
62	File	xx_xxxx.x	predictive	Medium
63	File	xxxxxxx/xxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
64	File	xxx/xxxx/xxxx_xxxxxxxxx.x	predictive	High
65	File	xxx/xxxxxxxxx/xx_xxxxxx_xxx.x	predictive	High
66	File	xxxxxxx_xxxx.xxx	predictive	High
67	File	xxxxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
68	File	xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
69	File	xxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
70	File	xxxxxxx/xxxxxxx/xxx/xxxxxxxxxx.xxx?xxxxxxxx=xxxx&xxxxxx=xxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
71	File	xxxxxxx_xxxx.xxx	predictive	High
72	File	xxxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
73	File	xxxx_xxxx_xxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
74	File	xxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
75	File	xxxxxxxx-xxxxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
76	File	xxxx_xxxxx.xxxx	predictive	High
77	File	xxx/xxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
78	File	xxxxxxxxxx_xxxx.xxx	predictive	High
79	File	xxx/xxxx/xxxx	predictive	High
80	File	xxxxxx/xxxxx/xxxx_xxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
81	File	xxxxxx\xxxxxxxx\xx_xxxxx_xxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
82	File	xxxxxxx.xxx.xx.xxxxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
83	File	xxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
84	File	xxxx_xxxxxx.xx	predictive	High
85	File	xxxx-xxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
86	File	xxxx-xxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
87	File	xxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
88	File	xxxxxx_xxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
89	File	xxxxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
90	File	xxxxxxx-xxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
91	File	xxxx_xxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
92	File	xxxx/xxx/xxxx-xxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
93	File	xxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
94	File	xx-xxxxx/xxxx.xxx	predictive	High
95	File	xx-xxxxx-xxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
96	File	xx-xxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
97	File	xxx/xxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
98	File	xxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
99	File	~/xxx/xxxx-xxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
100	File	~/xxxxxxxx/xxxx/xxxxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
101	File	~/xxxxxxxx/xxxxx-xx-xxxxxxxxxx-xxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
102	File	~/xxxxxxxx/xxxxxx/xxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
103	Library	xxxxxxx/xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx	predictive	High
104	Argument	xxxxxxx xx/xxxxxxx xxxx	predictive	High
105	Argument	xxx_xxx	predictive	Low
106	Argument	xxxx	predictive	Low
107	Argument	xxxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
108	Argument	xxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
109	Argument	xxx_xxx_xx_xxx_xxxxxxxxxx_x	predictive	High
110	Argument	xxxxx_xxxx	predictive	Medium
111	Argument	xxxx_xxx_xxxx	predictive	High
112	Argument	xxxxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
113	Argument	xxx	predictive	Low
114	Argument	xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
115	Argument	xxxxxx	predictive	Low
116	Argument	xxxxxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
117	Argument	xxxx	predictive	Low
118	Argument	xxxxx	predictive	Low
119	Argument	xxxxxxxxx_xxxxxx	predictive	High
120	Argument	xxxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
121	Argument	xx_xxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
122	Argument	xxxx	predictive	Low
123	Argument	xxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
124	Argument	xxxxx	predictive	Low
125	Argument	xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
126	Argument	xxxxxx_xxxxx	predictive	Medium
127	Argument	xxxxxxxxx/xxxxxx	predictive	High
128	Argument	xx_xx	predictive	Low
129	Argument	xxxxxxx[xxxxxxx]	predictive	High
130	Argument	xxxxxxx	predictive	Low
131	Argument	xxxxxx	predictive	Low
132	Argument	xxxxx	predictive	Low
133	Argument	xxxxxx_xxxx_xxx	predictive	High
134	Argument	xx	predictive	Low
135	Argument	xxx	predictive	Low
136	Argument	xxxxxx	predictive	Low
137	Argument	xxxx	predictive	Low
138	Argument	xxxx	predictive	Low
139	Argument	xxx xxxxxxxx/xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx	predictive	High
140	Argument	xxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
141	Argument	xx	predictive	Low
142	Argument	xxxxxx/xxxxx/xxxx	predictive	High
143	Argument	xxxxxxx	predictive	Low
144	Argument	xxxx	predictive	Low
145	Argument	xxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
146	Argument	xxxxxx_xxxxxx	predictive	High
147	Argument	xxxxxxx xxxx	predictive	Medium
148	Argument	xxxxxxxx_xx	predictive	Medium
149	Argument	xxx_xxxxxx	predictive	Medium
150	Argument	xxxxxx_xxxxx	predictive	Medium
151	Argument	xxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
152	Argument	xxxx_xxxx	predictive	Medium
153	Argument	xxxx	predictive	Low
154	Argument	xxx	predictive	Low
155	Argument	xxxxxx	predictive	Low
156	Argument	xxxxxx_xxxx[]	predictive	High
157	Argument	xxxxxxx	predictive	Low
158	Argument	xxx	predictive	Low
159	Argument	xxxxx	predictive	Low
160	Argument	xx_xxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
161	Argument	xxx	predictive	Low
162	Argument	xxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
163	Argument	\xxxx\xxxx	predictive	Medium
164	Argument	_xxx_xxxxxxxxxxx_	predictive	High
165	Input Value	xxxxx	predictive	Low
166	Input Value	xxxxxxxxx' xxx 'x'='x	predictive	High
167	Input Value	xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
168	Pattern	\|xx xx xx xx\|	predictive	High
169	Network Port	xxxxx	predictive	Low

References (2)

The following list contains external sources which discuss the actor and the associated activities:

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