Pykspa Analysis

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IOB - Indicator of Behavior (541)

Timeline

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Lang

es	422
en	120

Country

es	486
us	34
ce	6
cn	6

Actors

Pykspa	1
Ramnit	1

Activities

Interest

Timeline

Type

Not Defined	150
Operating System	34
Smartphone Operating System	30
Web Server	18
Groupware Software	12

Vendor

Not Defined	126
Microsoft	36
Apple	28
Samsung	22
Qualcomm	8

Product

Microsoft Windows	22
Samsung Smart Phone	14
Apple iOS	12
Microsoft Exchange Server	10
Apple macOS	10

Vulnerabilities

#	Vulnerability	Base	Temp	0day	Today	Exp	Rem	EPSS	CTI	CVE
1	Keycloak Login ldap injection	5.5	5.3	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Official Fix	0.00000	0.03	CVE-2022-2232
2	Boa Terminal input validation	5.3	5.0	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Proof-of-Concept	Not Defined	0.02395	0.02	CVE-2009-4496
3	polkit pkexec access control	8.8	8.1	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Proof-of-Concept	Workaround	0.00046	0.04	CVE-2021-4034
4	SnakeYAML YAML File Parser stack-based overflow	5.4	5.4	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Not Defined	0.00345	0.05	CVE-2022-38752
5	Facebook WhatsApp/WhatsApp Business/WhatsApp Desktop Call heap-based overflow	7.3	7.0	$5k-$25k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Official Fix	0.00097	0.02	CVE-2021-24042
6	HPE Arcsight Logger Stored cross site scripting	5.0	5.1	$5k-$25k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Official Fix	0.00059	0.00	CVE-2019-3485
7	Technicolor TC7200.TH2v2 Credentials credentials management	7.5	7.5	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Not Defined	0.00406	0.07	CVE-2018-20393
8	Facebook WhatsApp/WhatsApp Business Video Call use after free	7.0	6.7	$5k-$25k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Official Fix	0.00310	0.00	CVE-2020-1909
9	EmbedThis HTTP Library/Appweb httpLib.c authCondition improper authentication	7.7	7.5	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	High	Official Fix	0.00927	0.04	CVE-2018-8715
10	Zeus Zeus Web Server memory corruption	10.0	9.0	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Proof-of-Concept	Official Fix	0.15887	0.02	CVE-2010-0359
11	SnakeYAML Constructor deserialization	8.1	8.1	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Not Defined	0.00811	0.02	CVE-2022-1471
12	Velneo vClient certificate validation	5.3	5.3	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Not Defined	0.00121	0.00	CVE-2021-45035
13	Zyxel USG/ZyWALL improper authentication	9.8	9.8	$5k-$25k	$5k-$25k	Not Defined	Not Defined	0.08015	0.02	CVE-2022-0342
14	Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution	7.3	6.8	$25k-$100k	$0-$5k	Functional	Official Fix	0.76477	0.00	CVE-2021-26857
15	Meta WhatsApp/WhatsApp Business Image Blurring heap-based overflow	8.0	7.9	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Official Fix	0.00201	0.00	CVE-2021-24041
16	Acme Mini HTTPd Terminal input validation	5.3	5.3	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Not Defined	0.00303	0.04	CVE-2009-4490
17	OpenSSL Stitched Ciphersuite d1_pkt.c SSL_shutdown information disclosure	5.7	5.5	$5k-$25k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Official Fix	0.00805	0.00	CVE-2019-1559
18	Zeus Zeus Web Server Admin Server cross site scripting	4.3	4.1	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Not Defined	Official Fix	0.00101	0.03	CVE-2010-0363
19	Keycloak Account Lockout denial of service	3.6	3.4	$0-$5k	$0-$5k	Proof-of-Concept	Not Defined	0.00043	0.00	CVE-2024-1722
20	Fortinet FortiOS SSL-VPN out-of-bounds write	9.8	9.6	$25k-$100k	$5k-$25k	High	Official Fix	0.01842	0.09	CVE-2024-21762

IOC - Indicator of Compromise (5)

These indicators of compromise highlight associated network ressources which are known to be part of research and attack activities.

ID	IP address	Hostname	Actor	Identified	Type	Confidence
1	40.255.0.62		Pykspa	06/13/2021	verified	High
2	XX.XX.XXX.XX	xxxxxx.xxxx-xxxxxx.xx	Xxxxxx	06/13/2021	verified	High
3	XXX.XX.XX.XX	xx.xx.xxxx.xxx.xxxxxx.xx-xxxxxxx.xxx	Xxxxxx	06/13/2021	verified	High
4	XXX.XX.XXX.XX	xxxxxxx.xxxxxxxxxx.xxx.xx	Xxxxxx	06/13/2021	verified	High
5	XXX.XXX.XXX.XX		Xxxxxx	06/13/2021	verified	High

TTP - Tactics, Techniques, Procedures (24)

Tactics, techniques, and procedures summarize the suspected MITRE ATT&CK techniques used. This data is unique as it uses our predictive model for actor profiling.

ID	Technique	Vulnerabilities	Access Vector	Type	Confidence
1	T1006	CWE-21, CWE-22, CWE-23	Path Traversal	predictive	High
2	T1040	CWE-319	Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay	predictive	High
3	T1055	CWE-74	Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions	predictive	High
4	T1059	CWE-94, CWE-1321	Argument Injection	predictive	High
5	T1059.007	CWE-79, CWE-80	Cross Site Scripting	predictive	High
6	TXXXX	CWE-XXX, CWE-XXX, CWE-XXX, CWE-XXX	Xxxxxxxxx Xxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
7	TXXXX.XXX	CWE-XXX	Xxx Xx Xxxx-xxxxx Xxxxxxxx	predictive	High
8	TXXXX.XXX	CWE-XXX, CWE-XXX	Xxxx-xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
9	TXXXX.XXX	CWE-XXX	Xxx-xxx Xxxx Xxxxxxx Xxxx	predictive	High
10	TXXXX	CWE-XX, CWE-XX	Xxxxxxx Xxxxx Xx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
11	TXXXX.XXX	CWE-XXX	Xxxx Xxxxxxxx	predictive	High
12	TXXXX	CWE-XXX	7xx Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxx	predictive	High
13	TXXXX	CWE-XXX	Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxx	predictive	High
14	TXXXX	CWE-XXX	Xxxxxxxx Xx Xxxx Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx Xxxxx	predictive	High
15	TXXXX	CWE-XX, CWE-XX	Xxx Xxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
16	TXXXX.XXX	CWE-XXX	Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
17	TXXXX	CWE-XXX, CWE-XXX	Xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
18	TXXXX	CWE-XXX	Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xx Xxx-xxxxxxxx	predictive	High
19	TXXXX.XXX	CWE-XXX, CWE-XXX	Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
20	TXXXX	CWE-XXX, CWE-XXX, CWE-XXX, CWE-XXX	Xxxxxxxxxx Xx Xxxxxxx Xxxxx Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
21	TXXXX.XXX	CWE-XX	Xxxxxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
22	TXXXX	CWE-XXX, CWE-XXX	Xxxxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxx	predictive	High
23	TXXXX.XXX	CWE-XXX, CWE-XXX	Xxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxx	predictive	High
24	TXXXX.XXX	CWE-XXX	Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx Xx Xxxxxxxx Xxxx Xxxxxxxxx	predictive	High

IOA - Indicator of Attack (122)

These indicators of attack list the potential fragments used for technical activities like reconnaissance, exploitation, privilege escalation, and exfiltration. This data is unique as it uses our predictive model for actor profiling.

ID	Class	Indicator	Type	Confidence
1	File	/.ssh/authorized_keys	predictive	High
2	File	//etc/RT2870STA.dat	predictive	High
3	File	/cgi-bin/luci;stok=/locale	predictive	High
4	File	/cgi-bin/wapopen	predictive	High
5	File	/classes/Users.php?f=save	predictive	High
6	File	/HNAP1	predictive	Low
7	File	/index.php	predictive	Medium
8	File	/mgmt/tm/util/bash	predictive	High
9	File	/opt/zimbra/jetty/webapps/zimbra/public	predictive	High
10	File	/setSystemAdmin	predictive	High
11	File	/sp/ListSp.php	predictive	High
12	File	/updown/upload.cgi	predictive	High
13	File	/usr/bin/pkexec	predictive	High
14	File	?x=xxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxx	predictive	High
15	File	xxx.x	predictive	Low
16	File	xxxxx.x	predictive	Low
17	File	xxx/xxxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
18	File	xxx/xxxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
19	File	xxx/xxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxx/xxxxxx-xxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
20	File	xxx/xxxxx/xxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
21	File	xxx/xxxxxxxx/xxxxxxx_xxxxxx_xxxxxxx.xx	predictive	High
22	File	xxx_xxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
23	File	xxxx-xxxx.x	predictive	Medium
24	File	xxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
25	File	xxxxxxxx/xx.x	predictive	High
26	File	xxxxx_xxxxxxxx.x	predictive	High
27	File	xxxxx	predictive	Low
28	File	xxx-xxx/xx_xxxxxx_xxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
29	File	xxxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
30	File	xxx/xxxxxxx/xx/xxxx/xxx/xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.xxxx	predictive	High
31	File	xxxxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
32	File	x_xxxxxx	predictive	Medium
33	File	xxxxxx_x_x.xxx	predictive	High
34	File	xxxxx.x	predictive	Low
35	File	xxxx_xxx_xxxx.xxx	predictive	High
36	File	xxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
37	File	xxxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
38	File	xxx_xxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
39	File	xxx/xxxxx.x	predictive	Medium
40	File	xxxx.x	predictive	Low
41	File	xxxx/xxx	predictive	Medium
42	File	xxxx/xxxxxxx.xxxx	predictive	High
43	File	xxxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
44	File	xxxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
45	File	xxxxx.xxx/xxxxxxxxxx/xxx_xxxxxxxx	predictive	High
46	File	xxxxxxx.x	predictive	Medium
47	File	xxxxxxxxxx/xxxx.x	predictive	High
48	File	xxxx.xxxx	predictive	Medium
49	File	xxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
50	File	xx_xxxxxxxxxxxxxx.x	predictive	High
51	File	xxxxxxx/xxxx-xxxx/xxxxx/xxxxxxxxxx.xx	predictive	High
52	File	xxxxxxx.x	predictive	Medium
53	File	xxxxxx.xx	predictive	Medium
54	File	xxxxxxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
55	File	xxxxxxx/xxxxxxxx/xxxxxx-xxxxxx.x	predictive	High
56	File	xxxxx.x	predictive	Low
57	File	xxxxxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
58	File	xxxxxx.x	predictive	Medium
59	File	xxxx_xxx_xx.x	predictive	High
60	File	xxx.x	predictive	Low
61	File	xxxxxx.x	predictive	Medium
62	File	xxxx-xxxxxx.x	predictive	High
63	File	xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
64	File	xxx/xx_xxx.x	predictive	Medium
65	File	xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.xxxx	predictive	High
66	File	xxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
67	File	xxxx/xxx/xxxx-xxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
68	File	xxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
69	File	xxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
70	File	xxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
71	File	xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.xxxx	predictive	High
72	File	xxxx/xxxx_xxxxxx.x	predictive	High
73	Library	/xxxxxxx/xxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	High
74	Library	xxxx/xxxxxxx.x	predictive	High
75	Library	xxxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
76	Library	xxxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
77	Library	xxxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
78	Library	xxxxxxx.xxx	predictive	Medium
79	Argument	-xx	predictive	Low
80	Argument	xxxxxxx	predictive	Low
81	Argument	xxxxxxx	predictive	Low
82	Argument	xxxxxx	predictive	Low
83	Argument	xxxxxxx	predictive	Low
84	Argument	xxxxxxx	predictive	Low
85	Argument	xxxxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
86	Argument	xxxx_xxx	predictive	Medium
87	Argument	xxxxxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
88	Argument	xxxxxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
89	Argument	xxxxxxx	predictive	Low
90	Argument	xxxxxx_xxxxxxxx	predictive	High
91	Argument	xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx/xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx/xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx/xxxxxxx/xxxxxxx/xxxxxxx/xxxxxxx/xxxxxx/xxxxxx/xxxxx xx/xxxxxxxxxx x xxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxxxx xxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxxxx xxx+ xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx	predictive	High
92	Argument	xxxxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
93	Argument	xx	predictive	Low
94	Argument	xx	predictive	Low
95	Argument	xxx_xxxx	predictive	Medium
96	Argument	xxxxx	predictive	Low
97	Argument	xxxxxxx_xxx_xxxxxx/xxxxxxxxxx_xxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
98	Argument	xxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
99	Argument	xxxxxxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
100	Argument	xxxxxx_xxxx	predictive	Medium
101	Argument	xxxxxxx_xxxx	predictive	Medium
102	Argument	xxxxxx_xxxx_xxxx	predictive	High
103	Argument	xxxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
104	Argument	xxxx	predictive	Low
105	Argument	xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
106	Argument	xxxx_xxxxxx	predictive	Medium
107	Argument	xxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
108	Argument	xxxx_xxxxxx_xxxx	predictive	High
109	Argument	xxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
110	Argument	xxxxxxxx/xxxxxxxx	predictive	High
111	Argument	xxxxxxxxxxxx	predictive	Medium
112	Argument	xxxx	predictive	Low
113	Argument	xxxxxxxxxxxxx	predictive	High
114	Argument	xxxxx	predictive	Low
115	Argument	x-xxxxxxxxx-xxx	predictive	High
116	Argument	x-xxxx-xxxxx	predictive	Medium
117	Input Value	%xxxxxx+-x+x+xx.x.xx.xxx%xx%xx	predictive	High
118	Input Value	../..	predictive	Low
119	Input Value	xxxx%xx%xxxxx%xx(xxxxxx%xxxxxx%xxxxxx%xx(xxxxxx(xxxxx(x)))xxxx)%xxxxx%xx%xxxxxx%xx=%xxxxxx	predictive	High
120	Network Port	xxx/xxxx	predictive	Medium
121	Network Port	xxx/xxxx	predictive	Medium
122	Network Port	xxx/xxxxx	predictive	Medium

References (2)

The following list contains external sources which discuss the actor and the associated activities:

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