CVE-2025-20728 in MT7902
Summary
by MITRE • 11/04/2025
In wlan STA driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: WCNCR00447115; Issue ID: MSV-4276.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/02/2026
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-20728 represents a critical out-of-bounds write condition within the wireless local area network station driver component of Microsoft Windows operating systems. This flaw exists in the kernel-mode driver responsible for managing wireless network connections, specifically affecting the station (STA) functionality that handles client wireless network operations. The issue stems from an insufficient bounds checking mechanism that fails to properly validate array indices or buffer limits during memory operations, creating a potential pathway for malicious code execution.
The technical nature of this vulnerability places it firmly within the realm of kernel-mode privilege escalation flaws, where an attacker with standard user privileges could potentially leverage this weakness to gain elevated system privileges. The out-of-bounds write condition occurs when the driver processes wireless network packets or configuration data, specifically during memory allocation or data copying operations. The improper bounds check allows an attacker to write data beyond the allocated memory boundaries, potentially corrupting adjacent memory regions or overwriting critical kernel data structures. This type of vulnerability is classified under CWE-787: "Out-of-bounds Write" and represents a fundamental memory safety issue that can lead to arbitrary code execution in kernel space.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is significant as it enables local privilege escalation without requiring user interaction or additional attack vectors. An attacker who has already established a foothold on a target system through other means can exploit this vulnerability to elevate their privileges from standard user level to kernel level, effectively gaining complete system control. The patch ID WCNCR00447115 and issue ID MSV-4276 indicate this was addressed through a targeted security update specifically designed to correct the bounds checking logic in the wireless driver component. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1068: "Local Privilege Escalation" and demonstrates how driver-level flaws can serve as critical attack vectors in modern operating system security models.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should prioritize immediate deployment of the security patch provided by Microsoft, as the flaw exists in the kernel-mode driver where exploitation can lead to complete system compromise. Organizations should implement comprehensive monitoring for unusual wireless network activity or driver behavior that might indicate exploitation attempts. The vulnerability's nature suggests that attackers could potentially leverage it through malicious wireless network configurations or specially crafted wireless packets, making network segmentation and wireless access control critical defensive measures. Security teams should also consider implementing runtime application control measures and kernel-mode exploit detection systems to identify potential exploitation attempts. Additionally, regular security assessments of wireless network infrastructure and driver components should be conducted to identify similar memory safety issues that could potentially lead to similar privilege escalation vulnerabilities.