CVE-2026-10173 in Explorer 2
Summary
by MITRE • 05/31/2026
A weakness has been identified in Orthanc Explorer 2 up to 1.12.0. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file WebApplication/src/components/StudyList.vue of the component URL Handler. This manipulation of the argument remote-source causes cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. Patch name: 21f78ce5da668bf5233efcd1896ec7c6e3b22eae. Applying a patch is the recommended action to fix this issue.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/01/2026
The vulnerability identified in Orthanc Explorer 2 version 1.12.0 represents a critical cross-site scripting flaw located within the WebApplication/src/components/StudyList.vue file, specifically within the URL Handler component. This weakness manifests through improper handling of the remote-source argument parameter, creating an avenue for malicious actors to inject arbitrary JavaScript code into the application's response. The vulnerability's location within the study list component suggests it could impact how medical imaging data is displayed and processed within the Orthanc Explorer interface, potentially affecting healthcare information systems that rely on this DICOM web application.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability follows a standard XSS attack pattern where an attacker crafts malicious input containing JavaScript code within the remote-source parameter. When the vulnerable application processes this input without proper sanitization or encoding, the injected code executes within the context of other users' browsers who view the affected study list. This remote exploitation capability means attackers do not require physical access to the system or local network privileges to initiate attacks. The vulnerability's classification aligns with CWE-79, which describes improper neutralization of input during web page generation, and specifically relates to CWE-80, which addresses the improper neutralization of script-related HTML tags in a web page.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution, potentially enabling attackers to access sensitive medical data, hijack user sessions, perform unauthorized actions within the application, or redirect users to malicious websites. In healthcare environments, this could compromise patient confidentiality and system integrity, particularly given the sensitive nature of medical imaging data. The vulnerability's exploitability rating indicates that public exploit code exists, making it accessible to threat actors without specialized knowledge, and increasing the risk to organizations using affected versions of Orthanc Explorer 2. This exposure could lead to data breaches, regulatory compliance violations under HIPAA or similar healthcare privacy regulations, and potential system compromise within medical imaging networks.
Organizations utilizing Orthanc Explorer 2 versions up to 1.12.0 must prioritize immediate remediation through the application of the provided patch identified by the commit hash 21f78ce5da668bf5233efcd1896ec7c6e3b22eae. The patch addresses the root cause by implementing proper input validation and sanitization of the remote-source parameter before processing. Additional mitigations should include implementing content security policies to prevent unauthorized script execution, monitoring application logs for suspicious parameter usage, and conducting security assessments of the web application's input handling mechanisms. Organizations should also consider network-level protections such as web application firewalls and regular security scanning to detect similar vulnerabilities in other components of their medical imaging infrastructure. The vulnerability's presence in a healthcare-focused application underscores the importance of maintaining up-to-date security patches and following secure coding practices, particularly when handling user-supplied input in web-based medical imaging systems.